The spatial heterogeneity of the fertility in a leached chernozem within a field

Knyazhneva, E. V.; Надежкин, С. М.; Фрид, А. С.

doi:10.1134/s1064229306090110

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The time-spatial alteration of growing conditions, which is characteristic of agrophytocenoses, is associated with the weather and climate dynamics [2], phytosanitary state [5,6], terrain-dependent soil differentiation [7][8][9][10][11], initial soil heterogeneity [12][13][14][15], irregular application of fertilizers and ameliorants [15][16][17], and is recorded almost everywhere [18][19][20][21]. The absence of reliable estimates of soil heterogeneity is still regarded as an important reason of reduced fertilizer efficiency as it was when chemicals were intensively used (in Russia, this was happening in 1970s and 1980s) [1,2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, the treatment of potato and cabbage plants with high manure doses in the ZS led to the partial smoothing of the soil properties and, as a consequence, the PF-1 and PF-2 had less advantage. Thence, these crops, characterized by a high efficiency of nutrient consumption [14,[32][33][34][35], were the forth and the fifth in the series in terms of their response to differentiated use of ameliorants and fertilizers and at the maximum payback of fertilizers. As a result, combination of this factor to the biological features of edible root plants, which require soils with higher agrophysical properties, was a reliable advantage of the PF-1 over the PF-2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, if the fertilizer regimes are based on the redistribution of ameliorants and fertilizer for the benefit of poorly cultured soils, it is not always possible to maintain yield on the well-cultured level (Table 2). Only radish, potato and carrot (the crops which are more flexible in requirements to soils) [14,31,33,35] did not reduce the productivity at a reduced fertilizer and lime dosages (PF-2). Moreover, potato plants on the well-cultured soil appeared to be more sensitive to lower lime dosage (2.3 instead of 4.5 t/ha) when applied for the black radish, with a reliable increase in bulb yield (by 9 % compared to ZS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The complex effect of this factor on yield formation had a more fundamental character. Quite in compliance with biological features and requirements of the crops [14,[33][34][35], at high soil heterogeneity without fertilizing the yield of radish (19.6 t/ha) and cabbage (69.5 t/ha) was higher in the medium loam soil, the yield of potato (28.4 t/ha), beetroot (18.7 t/ha) and carrot (27.6 t/ha) was higher in light loam soil, and the minimum parameters were recorded for sand. Thus, the yields reflected the crop preferences to air and water conditions and nutrition depending on soil types as follows: medium loam > light loam > sandy loam > sand for radish and cabbage; light loam > medium loam > sandy loam > sand for potato; light loam > sandy loam > medium loam > sand for beetroot and carrot.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biological Peculiarities in the Responsiveness of Vegetable Crop Rotation to Precision Fertilization

Ivanov¹,

Lapa²,

Конашенков³

et al. 2017

S-h. biol.

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A b s t r a c tSpatial and temporal variability of growing conditions which affects the production process management is characteristic of agrophytocenosis. Spatial heterogeneity of soil essential properties is widely reported. A precision fertilization should be effective tool to control crop productivity. The highest potential of such fertilization could be expected for vegetable crops in the favorable soil and climatic conditions of the Nechernozemie of North-West Russia. In a microvegetation stationary two-factor experiment, plastic bottom-less pots of 1 m 2 area were used to artificially form the upper part of the soil profile (A arable 0-22 cm and А 2 В 22-40 cm horizons) simulating natural lithogenic mosaics of agro sod-podzolic sandy, sandy loam, light loam and medium loam soils subjected to weak and good cultivation. Their minimum, maximum, and average parameters for the 0-22 cm horizon were as follows: рН KCl of 4.34-6.35 and 5.40, humus content (by Tyurin) of 0.92-2.50 and 1.72 %, labile phosphorus and potassium (according to Kirsanov) of 125-550 and 390 mg/kg and 22-400 and 209 mg/kg, respectively. The vegetable crop rotation included black radish (Raphanus sativ-. For a comparison, we used different system of fertilization, i.e. control (no fertilizers); zonal system (ZS); precision fertilization 1 (PF-1); precision fertilization 2 (PF-2). In the ZS providing for a uniform application of the fertilizers based on the average soil properties, we used lime (4.5 t/ha + N 95 Р 20 К 125 ) for black radish; manure (45 t/ha) + N 100 Р 30 К 90 for potatoes; N 130 Р 50 К 150 for beetroot; lime (2.1 t/ha) + manure (50 t/ha) + N 120 Р 10 К 90 for cabbage; and N 100 Р 40 К 130 for carrot. In the PF-1, two months before the radish was sown a precision soil cultivation has been performed using lime at 0-20 and 6.6 t/ha, peat at 0-900 and 390 t/ha; phosphorite flour at 0-750 and 94 kg/ha; potassium sulfate at 0-1710 and 407 kg/ha (as min-max and average). Further application of organic and mineral fertilizers before sowing (planting) was uniform, i.e. N 70 К 60 for black radish; manure (45 t/ha) + N 80 К 100 for potatoes; N 100 Р 30 К 130 for beetroot; manure (50 t/ha) + N 100 Р 10 К 70 for carrot; N 100 Р 10 К 120 for white cabbage. In PF-2 providing average doses of all fertilizers equal to these in ZS, but differentiated for each pot based on actual soil parameters, we used lime The experiments were arranged in four replications. In a field experiment the precision fertilization provided an increase in the productivity of vegetable crop rotation of 22.3 and 43.5 t/ha in control and ZS, respectively, to 47.9-49.4 t/ha. PF-1 and PF-2 resulted in the Сv reduction from 32 % and 16 % in the control and ZS to 9 %, and in an increased natural profitability of fertilizers by 21-49 %. A responsiveness of vegetable crop rotation to precision fertilization depended on biological features, the specific farming techniques and soil conditions. A decreasing responsiveness was as follows: black radish > car-rot  beet > potatoe...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Biological Peculiarities in the Responsiveness of Vegetable Crop Rotation to Precision Fertilization

Ivanov¹,

Lapa²,

Конашенков³

et al. 2017

S-h. biol.

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“…In natural ecosystems, nutrition levels showed great spatial heterogeneity at a range of scales, from meters to centimeters (Jackson and Caldwell, 1993;Boerner et al, 2000;Jonson et al, 2001;Rietkerk et al, 2002;Schreiner, 2005;Zushi, 2006;Knyazhneva et al, 2006). Roots manifest high plasticity in response to the nutrition spatial heterogeneity because of their chemotaxis, resulting in great changes in root traits and root system architecture (Ahlström et al, 1988;Fitter and Stickland, 1991;Robinson, 1994), and meanwhile the changes in the spatial heterogeneity affected fine root longevity and turnover (Majdi and Andersson, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of nutrition spatial heterogeneity on root traits and carbon usage by roots of Cercis chinensis seedlings in split root rooms

Gan

2008

For. Stud. China

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In natural ecosystems, nutrition available for plants shows great spatial heterogeneity. Much is known about plant root responses to the spatial heterogeneity of nutrition, but little is known about carbon usage in roots in nutrition-deficient patches and its effect on root longevity. In this study, split-room boxes were used for culture of Cercis chinensis seedlings, and the small rooms were supplied with different nutrition levels. The number of the first-order roots in the rooms with nutrition supply was significantly higher than that in the rooms with deficient nutrition. Specific root length (SRL) of the first-order roots in the rooms with deficient nutrition reached its peak at day 64 after nutrition treatment. There was no significant SRL differences between the two order roots during the experiment. Biomass of the first-order roots in the rooms without nutrition supply was significantly less than that of the first-order roots in the rooms with nutrition supply from day 64 to 96. The total biomass of the lateral roots in the rooms without nutrition supply decreased from day 64 to 96. The activities of the enzymes in roots in the rooms without nutrition supply increased and the activities of alkaline invertases in roots in the two sides of split box did not change significantly. The activities of the enzymes in roots in the rooms without nutrition supply increased gradually. These results suggest that nutrition spatial heterogeneity induced the changes in root traits and plants actively controlled carbon usage in roots in nutrition-deficient patches by regulating the activities of invertases and sucrose synthases, resulting in the reduction in carbon usage in the roots in nutrition-deficient patches.

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Effect of liming and fertilisation systems on the physico-chemical properties of leached chernozem (black soil)

Zheryakov

Zheryakova

Breducheva

2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Long-term agricultural use of chernozems (black soils) leads to a decline in their effective fertility. The depletion of the arable and subsoil horizons in calcium can occur under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors. The strongest anthropogenic impact on physico-chemical properties is caused by varying levels of fertilizer application. Average annual rate of pHkcl decrease on unfertilized variant was 0.008-0.01 units per year. At the same time in the grain-fallow crop rotation the decrease of pHkcl is more intensive than in the grain-grass crop rotation. Under the influence of mineral fertilizers the growth rate of acidity increased by 1.8-2.1 times. After 12 years after application of organic fertilizers the value of acidity increased by 0.13-0.15 units after carrying out the experiment with pHkcl in comparison with initial values. The application of dolomite flour contributed to the increase of pHkcl by 0.41-0.53 units as early as one year after application of the ameliorant, the maximum shift was observed on the 4th-5th years. The application of organic and mineral fertilizers contributed to the trend of increasing the content of available phosphorus in the soil, compared with the unfertilized variant in both crop rotations. The content of mobile forms of phosphorus increased in the variants where green manure crops were sown. The application of manure and mineral fertilizers had no significant effect on the content of potassium in the soil. When using organo-mineral fertilizer system, as well as its combination with crop-sideration, there was a tendency of some increase in potassium content in the arable layer. The minimum additional yield was obtained for all crops with the application of 8 tonnes of manure per hectare of crop rotation land, and the maximum was obtained with the organo-mineral fertilisation system and its combination with crop-sideration. Liming increased the productivity of all crops.

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The spatial heterogeneity of the fertility in a leached chernozem within a field

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Biological Peculiarities in the Responsiveness of Vegetable Crop Rotation to Precision Fertilization

Biological Peculiarities in the Responsiveness of Vegetable Crop Rotation to Precision Fertilization

Effects of nutrition spatial heterogeneity on root traits and carbon usage by roots of Cercis chinensis seedlings in split root rooms

Effect of liming and fertilisation systems on the physico-chemical properties of leached chernozem (black soil)

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