The spatial and temporal evolution of land use change and ecosystem service value in Dongting Lake Ecological Economic Zone from 2000 to 2020

Abstract

As a national development area, Dongting Lake is an important strategic support for the rise of the central region. In the past two decades, the water surface rate, river network density and the ratio of main stream area to length in Dongting Lake Basin have shown a decreasing trend, and the stability of water network structure has fluctuated significantly.The landscape pattern and land use pattern have changed greatly after the area has experienced " reclaiming land from lakes " and " returning farmland to lakes, " and the ecological vulnerability is very prominent.The research on the spatial-temporal coupling relationship between land use change and ecosystem service value in Dongting Lake Ecological Economic Zone is of great significance to regional ecosystem protection, land use assessment and planning adjustment.Based on the results of land classification and two-dimensional matrix, this paper summarizes the land use change of Dongting Lake Basin in 20 years with 5 years as the time interval, and uses Arc Map10.2 to tabulate the result area to obtain the ESV value under land use change in 2000,2005,2010,2015 and 2020. The influence of land use change on ESV was obtained by spatial autocorrelation analysis.The results show that : With the rapid development of society and the intensification of human activities, the area of construction land in Dongting Lake Ecological Economic Zone is increasing, the area of cultivated land is increasing, the area of forest land and water area is decreasing, which has a certain impact on the local ecology. Therefore the change rate of land use type of cultivated land and forest land is slowing down. Supply service and support service are the two most important ecological service functions in Dongting Lake Ecological Economic Zone. The total amount of ESV in the Dongting Lake Ecological Economic Zone is spatially aggregated. Forest land, cultivated land and water area are important factors affecting the total amount of ESV in the study area. ESV showed a downward trend in 20 years, and the conversion of forest land to cultivated land was an important reason for the decline of total ESV.