The Spallation Neutron Source accelerator system design

Henderson, Stuart; Abraham, W.; Aleksandrov, A.; Allen, C.K.; Alonso, J.; Anderson, D. Chris; Arenius, D.; Arthur, Taryn; Assadi, S.; Ayers, J.J.; Bach, P.; Badea, V.; Battle, R.E.; Beebe‐Wang, J.; Bergmann, B.; Bernardin, John D.; Bhatia, T. S.; Billen, J.; Birke, T.; Björklund, E.; Blaskiewicz, M.; Blind, B.; Blokland, W.; Bookwalter, V.; Borovina, D.L.; Bowling, S.; Bradley, J.; Brantley, C.; Brennan, James T.; Brodowski, J.; Brown, S.; Brown, Robert D.; Bruce, Douglas R.; Bultman, Nathan; Cameron, P.; Campisi, I.E.; Casagrande, F.; Lasheras, Nuria Catalán; Champion, M.; Chen, Z.; Cheng, D.; Cho, Y.; Christensen, Kirsten E.; Chu, C.; Cleaves, Jane; Connolly, R.; Cote, T. B.; Cousineau, S.; Crandall, K.R.; Creel, J.; Crofford, M.; Cull, Paul; Cutler, R.I.; Dabney, R.; Dalesio, Leo; Daly, Edward; Damm, Ralf; Danilov, V.; Davino, D.; Davis, Kirk; Dawson, C.; Day, L.; Deibele, C.; Delayen, Jean; DeLong, J.; DeMello, A.; DeVan, W.R.; DiGennaro, R.; Dixon, K.; Dodson, G.; Doléans, M.; Doolittle, Lawrence; Doss, J.D.; Drury, M.; Elliot, T.; Ellis, S.; Error, J.; Fazekas, J.; Fedotov, A.; Feng, Peng; Fischer, J.; Fox, W.; Fuja, R.; Funk, W.; Galambos, J.; Ganni, V.; Garnett, R.W.; Geng, X.; Gentzlinger, R.C.; Giannella, M.; Gibson, P.; Gillis, Robert E.; Gioia, J.; Gordon, J.; Gough, Richard; Greer, J.; Gregory, W. L.; Gribble, R.F.; Grice, Warren P.; Gurd, D. P.; Gurd, P.; Guthrie, A.; Hahn, H.; Hardek, T.; Hardekopf, R.A.; Harrison, J.; Hatfield, D.; He, P.; Hechler, M.; Heistermann, F.; Helus, S.; Hiatt, T.; Hicks, Susan E.; Hill, J.O.; Hoff, L.; Hoff, M.; Hogan, John P.; Holding, M.; Holik, P.; Holmes, Jeffrey; Holtkamp, N.; Hovater, C.; Howell, M.; Hseuh, H. C.; Huhn, A. K.; Hunter, Tom F.; Ilg, Timothy J.; Jackson, J.; Jain, A.; Jason, Andrew J.; Jeon, D.; Johnson, Gary W.; Jones, A.B.; Joseph, Somers; Justice, A.; Kang, Y.; Kasemir, Kay; Keller, R.; Kersevan, R.; Kerstiens, D.; Kesselman, Martin; Kim, S.; Kneisel, P.; Kravchuk, L.; Kuneli, T.; Kurennoy, Sergey S.; Kustom, R.L.; Kwon, Sungil; Ladd, P.; Lambiase, R.; Lee, Y. Y.; Leitner, M.; Leung, K. N.; Lewis, S. A.; Liaw, Chong-Jer; Lionberger, C.; Lo, C. C.; Long, Cary D.; Ludewig, H.; Ludvig, J.; Luft, P.; Lynch, M.; Ma, Hengjie; MacGill, R.A.; Macha, K.; Madre, B.; Mahler, G.; Mahoney, K.; Maines, J.; Mammosser, J.; Mann, Thomas; Marneris, I.; Marroquin, Pilar; Martineau, Rick L.; Matsumoto, K.; McCarthy, Michael; McChesney, C.; McGahern, W.; McGehee, P.; Meng, W.; Merz, B.; Meyer, Rémi; Miller, Bernard L.; Mitchell, R.; Mize, J.J.; Monroy, M.; Munro, John; Murdoch, G.; Musson, John; Nath, S.; Nelson, Richard M.; O’Hara, J.F.; Olsen, D.K.; Oren, W.; Oshatz, D.; Owens, T.L.; Pai, C.; Papaphilippou, Y.; Patterson, N.; Patterson, J. R.; Pearson, C.; Pelaia, Thomas; Pieck, Martin; Piller, C.; Plawski, Tomasz; Plum, Michael; Pogge, J.; Power, J.; Powers, T.; Preble, J.; Prokop, M.; Pruyn, J.; Purcell, D.; Rank, J.; Raparia, D.; Ratti, A.; Reass, W.A.; Reece, Kimberly S.; Rees, D.; Regan, A.; Regis, M.; Reijonen, J.; Rej, D. J.; Richards, David R.; Richied, D.; Rode, C.; Rodríguez, W.; Rodriguez, M.; Rohlev, A.; Rose, Chris; Roseberry, T.; Rowton, L.; Roybal, W.; Rust, K.; Salazer, G.; Sandberg, J.; Saunders, Jeffrey; Schenkel, T.; Schneider, W.; Schrage, D.; Schubert, J.; Severino, F.; Shafer, Robert E.; Shea, Thomas; Shishlo, A.; Shoaee, H.; Sibley, C.; Sims, J.R.; Smee, Stephen A.; Smith, James E.; Smith, Kevin S.; Spitz, R.; Staples, J.; Stein, P. R.; Stettler, M.; Stirbet, M.; Stöckli, M. P.; Stone, W.; Stout, D.; Stovall, J.; Strelo, W.; Strong, H.; Sundelin, R.; Syversrud, D.; Szajbler, M.; Takeda, H.; Tallerico, P.J.; Tang, J.S.; Tanke, E.; Tepikian, S.; Thomae, R.; Thompson, D.H.; Thomson, D.B.; Thuot, M.; Treml, C. A.; Tsoupas, N.; Tuozzolo, J.; Tuzel, W.; Vassioutchenko, A.; Virostek, S.; Wallig, J.; Wanderer, P.; Wang, Y.; Wang, J. G.; Wangler, T.P.; Warren, David S.; Wei, J.; Weiss, Daniel H.; Welton, R. F.; Weng, J.; Weng, W.T.; Wezensky, Mark; White, M.; Whitlatch, T.; Williams, D.; Williams, Ernest; Wilson, Katherine; Wiseman, M.; Wood, Richard L.; Wright, P.; Wu, Andy; Ybarrolaza, N.; Young, K.; Young, L.M.; Yourd, R.; Zachoszcz, A.; Zaltsman, A.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, W.; Zhang, Y.; Zhukov, Alexander

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2014.03.067

Cited by 101 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…Clearly, a diverging laser yields a spread in α and hence a sweep in frequency. The POP experiment was located at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) accelerator, a 1.4 MW, 1 GeV pulsed H − superconducting linear accelerator [8]. A Qswitched UV laser with 0.4…”

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confidence: 99%

First Demonstration of Laser-Assisted Charge Exchange for Microsecond Duration H− Beams

et al. 2017

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confidence: 99%

First Demonstration of Laser-Assisted Charge Exchange for Microsecond Duration H− Beams

et al. 2017

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“…Figure 1 shows the H -injector, which consists of the ion source and the low-energy beam transport system (LEBT) that matches the H -beam into the radio frequency quadrupole accelerator (RFQ) [2]. As indicated in Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Record performance of and extraction studies with the Spallation Neutron Source H− injector

Stöckli

Han

Murray

et al. 2017

AIP Conference Proceedings

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“…The SNS is the highest power, pulsed neutron source currently operating worldwide. It supports a large research portfolio utilizing ~20 neutron instruments based around individual beamlines surrounding a single liquid Hg spallation target [1]. Intense pulses of neutrons are produced by first extracting macro-pulses of H -ions, 1 ms in length, from an ion source with a repetition rate of 60 Hz.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The SNS linac then accelerates the beam to ~1 GeV, where it is stripped of electrons and injected into a proton storage ring. Each mini-pulse is then timed to be spatially stacked together creating a single proton pulse of ~35 A, <1 μs in time, which is delivered to the liquid Hgtarget at 60 Hz [1]. The facility baseline design calls for delivering 1.4 MW of proton beam power to the target and future plans include roughly doubling that power including 500 kW to be delivered to a second long-wavelength target station [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new 2.5 MeV injector and beam test facility for the spallation neutron source

Welton

Aleksandrov

Han

et al. 2017

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. The U.S. Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) now operates with 1.2 MW of beam power on target with the nearterm goal of delivering 1.4 MW and a longer-term goal of delivering > 2 MW to support a planned second target station. Presently, H -beam pulses (50-60 mA, 1 ms, 60 Hz) from an RF-driven, Cs-enhanced, multi-cusp ion source are first accelerated to 2.5 MeV by a Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) accelerator, injected into a ~1 GeV linac, compressed to <1 s in an accumulator ring and ultimately delivered to a liquid mercury target for pulsed neutron production. In recent years concerns about the RFQ performance has motivated the procurement of a new RFQ and the creation of a Beam Test Facility (BTF) to allow off-line testing. The purpose of the BTF is to first validate performance of the new RFQ before installing it in place of the existing RFQ and later to serve as a stand-alone 2.5 MeV research accelerator employing the original SNS RFQ. After validating the new RFQ with respect to energy, emittance and transmission, the initial applications of the BTF will be to conduct 6D beam dynamic studies, develop & demonstrate ion sources capable of meeting the current and future requirements of the SNS, and contribute to neutron moderator development. This report provides a facility update, description of the BTF ion source systems as well as a discussion of the first LEBT and RFQ beam current measurements performed at the BTF.

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The Spallation Neutron Source accelerator system design

Cited by 101 publications

References 101 publications

First Demonstration of Laser-Assisted Charge Exchange for Microsecond Duration H− Beams

First Demonstration of Laser-Assisted Charge Exchange for Microsecond Duration H− Beams

Record performance of and extraction studies with the Spallation Neutron Source H− injector

A new 2.5 MeV injector and beam test facility for the spallation neutron source

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