The spaces in a uniform random suspension of fibres

Ogston, A. G.

doi:10.1039/tf9585401754

Cited by 1,055 publications

(670 citation statements)

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“…Solute behavior in hydrogels has been explained in terms of reduction in hydrogel free volume [20,21,22], enhanced hydrodynamic drag on the solute [23,24], increased path length due to obstruction [25,26], and a combination of hydrodynamic drag and obstruction effects [27].…”

Section: Amsden's Obstruction Scaling Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cross-Linking on the Diffusion of Water, Ions, and Small Molecules in Hydrogels

2009

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Understanding the diffusion of small molecules in hydrogel system is of major importance in a variety of applications including drug delivery systems, tissue engineering and contact lens. Cross-linking density of hydrogels has been commonly used to tune key parameters like mesh size and molecular weight between cross-linkers, in order to change macroscopic properties of hydrogels. In this thesis, molecular dynamics investigations of chemically-cross-linked poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels are reported with the aim of exploring the diffusion properties of water, ions, and rhodamine within the polymer at the molecular level.The water structure and diffusion properties were studied at various cross-linking densities with molecular weights of the chains ranging from 572 to 3400. As the cross-linking density is increased, the water diffusion decreases and the slowdown in diffusion is more severe at the polymer-water interface. The water diffusion at various cross-linking densities is correlated with the water hydrogen bonding dynamics. The diffusion of ions and rhodamine also decreased as the cross-linking density is increased. The variation of diffusion coefficient with cross-linking density is related to the variation of water content at different cross-linking densities.Comparison of simulation results and obstruction scaling theory for hydrogels showed similar trends.ii To Father and Mother.iii

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Section: Amsden's Obstruction Scaling Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cross-Linking on the Diffusion of Water, Ions, and Small Molecules in Hydrogels

2009

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“…Surprisingly enough, this very basic problem still draws some intense discussions in the electrophoresis community [143,144]. Traditionally the Ogston-Morris-Rodbard-Chrambach (OMRC) [145][146][147] model of gel electrophoresis is the central paradigm in this regime. The basic assumption of this model is that the scaled mobility m*, i.e., the ratio between the mobility m in the separation media and the free-solution mobility m 0 , is equal to the fraction f of the volume available to the particle (without violating the condition of volume exclusion with the media):…”

Section: Ogston Sievingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To estimate the available volume, it is common to use an early result of Ogston [145], sometimes with correction terms. Using geometrical and statistical arguments, Ogston showed that the fractional volume available to a spherical particle in a random array of infinitely long (but not cross-linked) fibers is given by…”

Section: Ogston Sievingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theory of DNA electrophoresis (∼ 1999 –2002 ½)

et al. 2002

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Over the last two decades, the introduction of new methods such as pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and capillary array electrophoresis has made it possible to map and sequence entire genomes, including our own. The development of these experimental methods has been helped by the progress of theoretical and computational sciences, and the interactions between these three modi operandi of modern science are still pushing the limits of our technologies. We now see a clear trend towards proteomics and microfluidic (even nanofluidic!) devices. In this review, we take a look at the progress of the field over the last 3 years using the glasses of the theoretical scientist and focusing mostly on new ideas and concepts. About a dozen different subfields are discussed and reviewed. We conclude by giving a commented list of some of the best review articles published over the last 2-3 years.

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“…The strong lowering of the critical temperatures with increasing surfactant concentration could be due to transient cross-linking of adjacent micelles by the PEG molecules, but this is unlikely since oxyethylene-water interaction still strongly dominates over oxyethylene self-interaction at 60°C. A comparison of the surfactant consolution boundary in water and in aqueous PEG solutions ( fig.2) indicates that a simple excluded volume effect does not explain the data [27]. We propose that the PEG effect is due to an unfavourable configurational (entropic) effect between the micelles and the PEG molecules, i.e.…”

Section: The Effect Of Polyethylene Glycol4000mentioning

confidence: 83%

Aqueous micellar systems in membrane protein crystallization

Weckström¹

1985

FEBS Letters

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The effects of NaCl and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4000 on the lower consolution boundary (LCB) of a nonionic surfactant (C,E,) were studied and compared. Micellar systems where NaCl and PEG 4000 are present are often used in membrane protein crystallization. While sodium chloride shifts the surfactant LCB to lower temperatures without a significant change in the shape of the boundary, PEG produces a large solubility change strongly depending on the surfactant concentration.The salt effect is explained by a reduced interaction of the micellar oligooxyethyiene chains with the water and the PEG effect by an unfavourable configurational interaction between the C,E, micelles and PEG molecules. Detergent Crystallization Membrane protein Polyethylene glycol

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The spaces in a uniform random suspension of fibres

Abstract: The distribution of spaces in a random network of straight fibres is considered, such as might be occupied by a spherical object pIaced within the network or might allow free rotation to an elongated one. The approximate treatment of a network of flexible fibres is discussed briefly.

Cited by 1,055 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of Cross-Linking on the Diffusion of Water, Ions, and Small Molecules in Hydrogels

Effect of Cross-Linking on the Diffusion of Water, Ions, and Small Molecules in Hydrogels

Theory of DNA electrophoresis (∼ 1999 –2002 ½)

Aqueous micellar systems in membrane protein crystallization

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