The Southward Intrusion of North Pacific Intermediate Water along the Mindanao Coast

On the world ocean circulation. Volume II, the Pacific and Indian Oceans/a global update

“…I feel that this is true for the In the eastern segment of the North Pacific subtropical gyre, NPIW is found where fresh subarctic waters spread southward, forming a well-defined Smin at ae = 26.8 (Reid, 1965;Talley, 1993). Bingham and Lukas (1994) have also identified NPIW along the coast of Mindanao, some of which may enter the Indonesian Passages. Reid (1965) suggested widespread subsurface vertical mixing in the subpolar gyre as the source of freshening at NPIW densities, while Talley (1993) advocated mixing with denser Okhotsk Sea water in the straits linking the open North Pacific and the Okhotsk Sea.…”

Exchanges between hemispheres and gyres : a direct approach to the mean circulation of the equatorial Pacific

“…Further downstream the NPIW salinity minimum is observed to be eroded by I strong vertical mixing in the Celebes Sea (Bingham and Lukas, 1993).…”

“…The water mass signatures of the MC continue southward into 3 the Celebes Sea suggesting that the MC is supplying the Pacific-Indian Throughflow (Lukas, et al 1991, Piola andGordon, 1983;Ffield and Gordon, 1992). Bingham (1993) deduces that the lower reaches of the MC carry NPIW into the Celebes Sea. At deeper depths, Tsuchiya (1991) associates higher oxygen and phosphate levels against the coast as an indicator of AAIW influence spreading northward, having crossed the equator to the m south.…”

“…Associated with both salinity cores are elevated concentrations of dissolved oxygen, indicating more recent ventilation than the offshore waters ( Fig-3 ure 2.7). Bingham and Lukas (1993) describe the offshore edge of the MC as a water mass discontinuity between the equatorial and subtropical waters introduced by the MC. The I salinity minima of the EIW is not present in the MC: instead, a single strong salinity minimum of NPIW is present at -9"C (near ao =26.8).…”

Spatial-temporal variability of thermohaline intrusions in the northwestern tropical Pacific Ocean

“…Strongly contrasting T-S properties of the water masses form sharp fronts where thermohaline intrusions could develop. Dramatic property change of water masses due to mixing in this region has been described by many studies [3][4][5][6], in which intrusions may play an important role. Hence, for a better understanding of oceanic physical processes in this region, a particular investigation of thermohaline intrusions is necessary.…”