The Southern Zagros Collisional Orogen: New Insights From Transdimensional Trees Inversion of Seismic Noise

Pilia, Simone; Jackson, James; Hawkins, Rhys; Kaviani, Ayoub; Ali, ME

doi:10.1029/2019gl086258

Cited by 35 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…1 and 2 are available from the authors. Passive seismic data acquired by the NCM can be obtained by contacting the NCM 41 . Data acquired by the PI and used in Figs.…”

Section: Data Availabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geophysical imaging of ophiolite structure in the United Arab Emirates

et al. 2020

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The Oman-United Arab Emirates ophiolite has been used extensively to document the geological processes that form oceanic crust. The geometry of the ophiolite, its extension into the Gulf of Oman, and the nature of the crust that underlies it are, however, unknown. Here, we show the ophiolite forms a high velocity, high density, >15 km thick east-dipping body that during emplacement flexed down a previously rifted continental margin thereby contributing to subsidence of flanking sedimentary basins. The western limit of the ophiolite is defined onshore by the Semail thrust while the eastern limit extends several km offshore, where it is defined seismically by a~40-45°, east-dipping, normal fault. The fault is interpreted as the southwestern margin of an incipient suture zone that separates the Arabian plate from in situ Gulf of Oman oceanic crust and mantle presently subducting northwards beneath the Eurasian plate along the Makran trench.

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“…1 and 2 are available from the authors. Passive seismic data acquired by the NCM can be obtained by contacting the NCM 41 . Data acquired by the PI and used in Figs.…”

Section: Data Availabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data acquired by the PI and used in Figs. 3 and 4 will be made accessible through the IRIS Data Management (http://www.iris.edu/ mda) from June 2021 (see https://doi.org/10.7914/SN/4K_2014) 41 .…”

Section: Data Availabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Geophysical imaging of ophiolite structure in the United Arab Emirates

et al. 2020

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“…The data set used in this study is from Pilia, Jackson, et al. (2020).…”

Section: Data Availability Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crustal Structure of the UAE‐Oman Mountain Range and Arabian Rifted Passive Margin: New Constraints From Active and Passive Seismic Methods

et al. 2021

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The Semail ophiolite, a thick thrust sheet of Late Cretaceous oceanic crust and upper mantle, was obducted onto the previously rifted Arabian continental margin in the Late Cretaceous, and now forms part of the United Arab Emirates (UAE)‐Oman mountain belt. A deep foreland basin along the west and SW margin of the mountains developed during the obduction process, as a result of flexure due to loading of the ophiolite and underlying thrust sheets. The nature of the crust beneath the deep sedimentary basins that flank the mountain belt, and the extent to which the Arabian continental crust has thickened due to the obduction process are outstanding questions. We use a combination of active‐ and passive‐source seismic data to constrain the stratigraphy, velocity structure and crustal thickness beneath the UAE‐Oman mountains and its bounding basins. Depth‐migrated multichannel seismic reflection profile data are integrated in the modeling of traveltimes from long offset reflections and refractions, which are used to resolve the crustal thickness and velocity structure along two E‐W onshore/offshore transects in the UAE. Additionally, we apply the virtual deep seismic sounding method to distant earthquake data recorded along the two transects to image crustal thickness variations. Active seismic methods define the Semail ophiolite as a high‐velocity body dipping to the east at 40°–45°. The new crustal thickness model presented in this work provides evidence that a crustal root is present beneath the Semail ophiolite, suggesting that folding and thrusting during the obduction process may have thickened the pre‐existing crust by 16 km.

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“…However, due to the data coverage limit, their model does not have sufficient resolution at the boundary regions. Pilia et al (2020) used a relatively dense and new passive seismic network in the United Arab Emirates, together with a number of stations in south-central Iran. By using a sophisticated inversion scheme applied to seismic noise they were able to image the crust beneath the southeastern Zagros, providing evidence for underthrusting of the Arabian basement beneath central Iran and 3-D variations in the sediment cover of the Zagros mountains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crustal and uppermost mantle shear wave velocity structure beneath the Middle East from surface wave tomography

Kaviani

Ambert

Moradi

et al. 2020

Geophysical Journal International

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SUMMARY We have constructed a 3-D shear wave velocity (Vs) model for the crust and uppermost mantle beneath the Middle East using Rayleigh wave records obtained from ambient-noise cross-correlations and regional earthquakes. We combined one decade of data collected from 852 permanent and temporary broad-band stations in the region to calculate group-velocity dispersion curves. A compilation of >54 000 ray paths provides reliable group-velocity measurements for periods between 2 and 150 s. Path-averaged group velocities calculated at different periods were inverted for 2-D group-velocity maps. To overcome the problem of heterogeneous ray coverage, we used an adaptive grid parametrization for the group-velocity tomographic inversion. We then sample the period-dependent group-velocity field at each cell of a predefined grid to generate 1-D group-velocity dispersion curves, which are subsequently inverted for 1-D Vs models beneath each cell and combined to approximate the 3-D Vs structure of the area. The Vs model shows low velocities at shallow depths (5–10 km) beneath the Mesopotamian foredeep, South Caspian Basin, eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea, in coincidence with deep sedimentary basins. Shallow high-velocity anomalies are observed in regions such as the Arabian Shield, Anatolian Plateau and Central Iran, which are dominated by widespread magmatic exposures. In the 10–20 km depth range, we find evidence for a band of high velocities (>4.0 km s–1) along the southern Red Sea and Arabian Shield, indicating the presence of upper mantle rocks. Our 3-D velocity model exhibits high velocities in the depth range of 30–50 km beneath western Arabia, eastern Mediterranean, Central Iranian Block, South Caspian Basin and the Black Sea, possibly indicating a relatively thin crust. In contrast, the Zagros mountain range, the Sanandaj-Sirjan metamorphic zone in western central Iran, the easternmost Anatolian plateau and Lesser Caucasus are characterized by low velocities at these depths. Some of these anomalies may be related to thick crustal roots that support the high topography of these regions. In the upper mantle depth range, high-velocity anomalies are obtained beneath the Arabian Platform, southern Zagros, Persian Gulf and the eastern Mediterranean, in contrast to low velocities beneath the Red Sea, Arabian Shield, Afar depression, eastern Turkey and Lut Block in eastern Iran. Our Vs model may be used as a new reference crustal model for the Middle East in a broad range of future studies.

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The Southern Zagros Collisional Orogen: New Insights From Transdimensional Trees Inversion of Seismic Noise

Cited by 35 publications

References 42 publications

Geophysical imaging of ophiolite structure in the United Arab Emirates

Geophysical imaging of ophiolite structure in the United Arab Emirates

Crustal Structure of the UAE‐Oman Mountain Range and Arabian Rifted Passive Margin: New Constraints From Active and Passive Seismic Methods

Crustal and uppermost mantle shear wave velocity structure beneath the Middle East from surface wave tomography

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