The Southern Ocean deep sea—A benthic view to pelagic processes

Brandt, Angelika; Würzberg, Laura

doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2014.07.011

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…1 and Table 1). As described by Brandt and Würzberg (2014), the EBS has two samplers, the lower one (i.e. the epi-) extends from 27 to 60 cm above the bottom, while the top one (i.e.…”

Section: Sampling Sorting and Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The geographical positions used for the calculation of the haul length were the one when the sledge began to travel on the ground and the final one when the EBS left the ground. The haul lengths varied from 2585 m to 4789 m, and in total, 29,090 m² ocean floor were sampled (for more details see Brandt and Würzberg, 2014).…”

Section: Sampling Sorting and Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Southern Polar Front macroecological and biogeographical insights gained from benthic Ostracoda

Brandão

Vital

Brandt

2014

Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography

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“…1 and Table 1). As described by Brandt and Würzberg (2014), the EBS has two samplers, the lower one (i.e. the epi-) extends from 27 to 60 cm above the bottom, while the top one (i.e.…”

Section: Sampling Sorting and Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sampling Sorting and Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Southern Polar Front macroecological and biogeographical insights gained from benthic Ostracoda

Brandão

Vital

Brandt

2014

Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography

Self Cite

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“…While the first iteration of the deep-sea camera system was developed to reach full ocean depth (Turchik et al, 2015), subsequent improvements in design and economy present increased opportunities for deployment and use for the marine biodiversity observing community. Below we describe the next generation of the "mini" NGS deep-sea camera system (rated to 6000 m depth), which is small (76 cm × 76 cm × 36 cm), lightweight (18 kg in air), and low-cost (∼ $10,000 USD to manufacture) compared to many existing technologies.…”

Section: Materials and Equipmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The instrument is a remote autonomous benthic lander with a baited camera system, and is used for stationary video surveys of deep-sea demersal scavenging megafauna. The first-generation landers were capable of sampling to full ocean depth (Turchik et al, 2015) however the form factor (size and weight), power requirements, and cost of the system limited deployment opportunities. Therefore a next-generation miniaturized version was developed to optimize the physical design and scientific payload, providing improved efficiency and a cost-effective method to observe life in the deep sea to 6000 m depth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The National Geographic Society Deep-Sea Camera System: A Low-Cost Remote Video Survey Instrument to Advance Biodiversity Observation in the Deep Ocean

et al. 2021

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There is a growing need for marine biodiversity baseline and monitoring data to assess ocean ecosystem health, especially in the deep sea, where data are notoriously sparse. Baited cameras are a biological observing method especially useful in the deep ocean to estimate relative abundances of scavenging fishes and invertebrates. The National Geographic Society Exploration Technology Lab developed an autonomous benthic lander platform with a baited camera system to conduct stationary video surveys of deep-sea megafauna. The first-generation landers were capable of sampling to full ocean depth, however, the form factor, power requirements, and cost of the system limited deployment opportunities. Therefore, a miniaturized version (76 cm × 76 cm × 36 cm, 18 kg in air) was developed to provide a cost-effective method to observe ocean life to 6000 m depth. Here, we detail this next-generation deep-sea camera system, including the structural design, scientific payload, and the procedures for deployment. We provide an overview of NGS deep-sea camera system deployments over the past decade with a focus on the performance improvements of the next-generation system, which began field operations in 2017 and have performed 264 deployments. We present example imagery and discuss the strengths and limitations of the instrument in the context of existing complementary survey methods, and for use in down-stream data products. The key operational advantages of this new instrument are spatial flexibility and cost-efficiency. The instrument can be hand-deployed by a single operator from a small craft concurrent with other shipboard operations. The main limitation of the system is battery power, which allows for 6 h of continuous recording, and takes up to 8 h to recharge between deployments. Like many baited-camera methods, this instrument is specialized to measure the relative abundance of mobile megafauna that are attracted to bait, which results in a stochastic snapshot of the species at the deployment location and time. The small size and ease of deployment of this next-generation camera system allows for increased sample replication on expeditions, and presents a path forward to advance cost-effective biological observing and sustained monitoring in the deep ocean.

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“…Although not isolated from surrounding water bodies, the transport of larvae with short pelagic stages may be inhibited, increasing the likelihood of some benthos being endemic to the seamount (Brandt et al 2011). This is reflected in the overall composition of benthic species, which differs significantly from comparison sites in the surrounding Southern Ocean (Brandt et al 2011;Brandt and Würzberg 2014). Surface productivity is high in summer as a result of intense phytoplankton blooms initiated by early melting sea ice, supporting a high biomass of zooplankton and predators.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrological features above a Southern Ocean seamount inhibit larval dispersal and promote speciation: evidence from the bathyal mytilid Dacrydium alleni sp. nov. (Mytilidae: Bivalvia)

Beeston¹,

Cragg²,

Linse

2018

Polar Biol

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The Maud Rise seamount (65°07.80′S 2°39.60′E), a distinct habitat in the Southern Ocean, was studied during the ANDEEP-SYSTCO expedition in 2007-2008 to describe its unique benthic assemblage, characterised by higher biomass and lower diversity than other SO locations. Epibenthic sledge deployments during the expedition revealed exceptionally high abundances of the small bivalve genus Dacrydium with a total of 516 specimens collected from this seamount, resembling up to 1860 bivalve individuals per 1000 m −2 . The Dacrydium specimens were examined for taxonomic identification, population and reproductive biology. Shell and soft part morphology as well as life history characteristics were compared with all known congeners for which data are available. Hinge dentition, prodissoconch size and adult gill structure are notably different, supporting classification as a separate species, herein formally described as Dacrydium alleni sp. nov. Dacrydium alleni sp. nov. produces lecithotrophic larvae, capable of long-distance dispersal, yet is apparently restricted to the Maud Rise area, supporting the hypothesis that larval dispersal at isolated seamounts may be constrained by hydrographic rather than biological features. In addition to providing insight into the benthic assemblage at Maud Rise, this work also summarises the current taxonomic status of the genus Dacrydium in the Southern Ocean.

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The Southern Ocean deep sea—A benthic view to pelagic processes

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

Southern Polar Front macroecological and biogeographical insights gained from benthic Ostracoda

Southern Polar Front macroecological and biogeographical insights gained from benthic Ostracoda

The National Geographic Society Deep-Sea Camera System: A Low-Cost Remote Video Survey Instrument to Advance Biodiversity Observation in the Deep Ocean

Hydrological features above a Southern Ocean seamount inhibit larval dispersal and promote speciation: evidence from the bathyal mytilid Dacrydium alleni sp. nov. (Mytilidae: Bivalvia)

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