The Southern China Monsoon Rainfall Experiment (SCMREX)

Abstract

A unique program is developed for improving heavy rainfall forecasts over southern China during the presummer rainy season through field campaigns and research on physical mechanisms and convection-permitting modeling.

The Synoptic Impacts on the Convection Initiation of a Warm‐Sector Heavy Rainfall Event Over Coastal South China Prior to the Monsoon Onset: A Numerical Modeling Study

“…About a half of the annual rainfall over SC is produced during the pre‐summer rainy season (April to mid‐June) (Luo, 2017). The pre‐summer heavy rainfall over inland SC mainly takes places under influence of fronts, shear lines, vortex, and associated strong low‐level winds to the southeast (Du & Chen, 2018; Huang et al., 2018; M. Li, Luo, Zhang, et al., 2020; Z. Li, Luo, Du, & Chan, 2020; Shen et al., 2020), while the coastal SC features warm‐sector heavy rainfall that is distributed about a few hundred km to the south of a surface front, or in the absence of fronts in SC and the northern SCS (Huang et al., 1986; Luo et al., 2017). The warm‐sector heavy rainfall is mostly produced by mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) (Luo et al., 2013; Xia et al., 2015; Xu et al., 2009) and characterized by abrupt occurrence and strong intensity.…”

“…Occurrence of CI usually depends on multi‐scale atmospheric processes (Rotunno & Houze, 2007; Trier, 2003; Weckwerth & Parsons, 2006). Numerous studies have revealed various factors contributing to CI in the warm‐sector heavy rainfall events over inland and coastal SC, including terrain effects (Du, Chen, Han, Bai, & Li, 2020; Wang et al., 2014), mesoscale cold pools (Liu et al., 2018; Wu & Luo, 2016), surface heating (Jiang et al., 2017), boundary layer (BL) flows of tropical origins (Luo et al., 2017), land‐sea breeze fronts (X. Chen et al., 2017), low‐level jets (LLJs) (Du & Chen, 2018, 2019), and urban heat island effects interacting with onshore BL airflows (Wu et al., 2019; Yin et al., 2020). Previous studies utilizing integrated observations demonstrated the importance of coastline, coastal terrain, upstream oceanic airflow in the BL, and precipitation‐generated cold outflows/pools in triggering and maintaining the extreme rain‐producing MCSs near the SC coasts (Du, Chen, Han, Mai, et al., 2020; Du, Chen, Han, Bai, & Li, 2020; Liu et al., 2018; Wang et al., 2014; Wu & Luo, 2016).…”

“…Occurrence of CI usually depends on multi-scale atmospheric processes (Rotunno & Houze, 2007;Trier, 2003;Weckwerth & Parsons, 2006). Numerous studies have revealed various factors contributing to CI in the warm-sector heavy rainfall events over inland and coastal SC, including terrain effects Wang et al, 2014), mesoscale cold pools (Liu et al, 2018;Wu & Luo, 2016), surface heating (Jiang et al, 2017), boundary layer (BL) flows of tropical origins (Luo et al, 2017), land-sea breeze fronts (X. Chen et al, 2017), low-level jets (LLJs) (Du & Chen, 2018, 2019, and urban heat island effects interacting with onshore BL airflows (Wu et al, 2019;Yin et al, 2020).…”

Observed Large‐Scale Structures and Diabatic Heating Profiles of Precipitation Over the Tibetan Plateau and South China

“…Luo et al. (2017) and Zheng et al. (2017) showed that there are three strong rainy centers in Guangdong Province, which are located in the eastern coastal belt zone, the west of the Pearl River Delta, and the Beijiang River Valley‐Pearl River Delta block zone, respectively.…”

Trends in Diurnal Cycle of Summertime Rainfall Over Coastal South China in the Past 135 Years: Characteristics and Possible Causes

“…Coastal South China (CSC, Figure 1a) is a key region where the East Asian summer monsoon penetrates northward and affects other regions of East Asia (Luo et al., 2017). Due to complex coastal topography and diverse low‐level winds, the DCR in CSC is more complicated than that of inland region.…”