The Southeast Asian tin belt

Schwartz, Michael O.; Rajah, S. Senathi; Askury, A.K.; Putthapiban, Prinya; Djaswadi, Sukirno

doi:10.1016/0012-8252(95)00004-t

Cited by 240 publications

(147 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…In Belitung Island, mineralizations formed far from the granite bodies. The altitude of the island above the sea level during the Tertiary and Quaternary period also contributed to the weathering intensity, which influenced the characteristics and existence of the primary mineral deposits [2,7]. Additionally, the increasing tin mining activities by individuals and illegal mines in Bangka-Belitung islands may also be responsible for the enhanced radioactivity in the area.…”

Section: Gamma Dose Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

Terrestrial Gamma Radiation Exposure in Bangka-Belitung Islands, Indonesia

Syarbaini

Setiawan

2015

Atom Indo.

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Section: Gamma Dose Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

Terrestrial Gamma Radiation Exposure in Bangka-Belitung Islands, Indonesia

Syarbaini

Setiawan

2015

Atom Indo.

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“…The rapidly increasing population with associated industrialization and economic development in the coastal areas, combined with insufficient environmental protection measures, may have led to elevated levels of metal pollution in Thailand 23 . A study on metal pollution in the upper Gulf of Thailand indicated that the accumulations of Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cd in the waters of river mouth vicinities were significant, which may have a long term impact on the aquatic environment through precipitation of metals to the bottom sediments and bioaccumulation and biomagnification of metals in various food chains 24 . In this study, the accumulations of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn in mangrove crabs (Sesarma mederi), from CP, MK, and TC were studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn in water, sediments, and mangrove crabs (Sesarma mederi) in the upper Gulf of Thailand

Chaiyara¹,

Ngoendee²,

Kruatrachue³

2013

ScienceAsia

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Mangrove crabs (Sesarma mederi) can be used as bioindicators of the environment. This study aimed to estimate the heavy metal content in S. mederi in various Thai mangroves and compare them with other studies for international regulations for human consumption. S. mederi were obtained from the mangroves of the Chao Phraya, Tha Chin, and Mae Klong rivers. The concentrations of Cd, Cu, and Pb in the rivers were low compared to the marine standards of Thailand and estuarine water elsewhere. The concentrations of Cd and Cu in sediments were rather similar to those in other rivers. The results showed that crabs accumulated metals in the order: Cd > Cu > Pb > Zn. The bioconcentration factor of Cd and Cu was highest in Mae Klong, while Pb and Zn were highest in Chao Phraya. Although metal concentrations in crabs were within the ranges found in other studies, they exceeded the maximum ranges according to standards. Hence as mangrove crabs are highly consumed as traditional and international Thai food, they may be a potential health hazard for human consumers. Consequently, the use of mangrove crab could be an interesting tool for monitoring estuary pollution.

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“…Bangka and Belitung Islands have the geological potential of mineral resources, especially tin, with accessory minerals consisting of monazite, zircon, xenotim, ilmenite, magnetite, and pyrite spreading in almost all regions. Bangka Belitung Islands are known as tin producer places which form a part of Southeast Asia Tin Belt, the richest tin belt in the world which stretches along South China -Thailand -MyanmarMalaysia to Indonesia (Schwartz et al, 1995). Meanwhile, there are some other mineral resources like: quartz sand, building construction sand, kaolin, granite, clay, and mountain stone.…”

Section: Radonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radon and Thoron Exhalation Rates from Surface Soil of Bangka - Belitung Islands, Indonesia

Syarbaini

Pudjadi

2015

Indonesian J. Geosci.

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-Radon and thoron exhalation rate from soil is one of the most important factors that can influence the radioactivity level in the environment. Radon and thoron gases are produced by the decay of the radioactive elements those are radium and thorium in the soil, where its concentration depends on the soil conditions and the local geological background. In this paper, the results of radon and thoron exhalation rate measurements from surface soil of Bangka Belitung Islands at thirty six measurement sites are presented. Exhalation rates of radon and thoron were measured by using an accumulation chamber equipped with a solid-state alpha particle detector. Furthermore, the correlations between radon and thoron exhalation rates with their parent nuclide ( Rn exhalation rates higher than the world average value for the regions with normal background radiation.

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The Southeast Asian tin belt

Cited by 240 publications

References 65 publications

Terrestrial Gamma Radiation Exposure in Bangka-Belitung Islands, Indonesia

Terrestrial Gamma Radiation Exposure in Bangka-Belitung Islands, Indonesia

Accumulation of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn in water, sediments, and mangrove crabs (Sesarma mederi) in the upper Gulf of Thailand

Radon and Thoron Exhalation Rates from Surface Soil of Bangka - Belitung Islands, Indonesia

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