The Southeast Asian monsoon and El Niño–Southern Oscillation impact on the summer atmospheric circulation of East Mediterranean during 20th century based on <scp>ERA‐20C</scp> and <scp>CMIP5</scp> simulations

Logothetis, Ioannis; Dafka, Stella; Tourpali, Kleareti; Misios, Stergios; Zanis, Prodromos; Xoplaki, Elena; Luterbacher, Jürg; Papagianoulis, Eleftherios

doi:10.1002/joc.7510

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…A stronger ISM, therefore, should favour adiabatic heating in the EMed, which is compensated by advective cooling by stronger Etesian wind speeds. Logothetis et al (2022) analysed the relationship between wind anomalies in the EMed and the strength of the ISM over the period 1900-2000 and demonstrated that an intensified monsoon activity increases meridional wind speed in the Aegean Sea, consistent with the ISM-EMed teleconnection. This teleconnection is more prominent in extreme monsoon years often associated with the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) (Kumar et al, 1999;Singh et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Decline in Etesian winds after large volcanic eruptions in the last millennium

Misios

Logothetis

Knudsen

et al. 2022

Weather Clim. Dynam.

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Abstract. The northerly Etesian winds are a stable summertime circulation system in the eastern Mediterranean, emerging from a steep pressure gradient between the central Europe and Balkans high-pressure and the Anatolian low-pressure systems. Etesian winds are influenced by the variability in the Indian summer monsoon (ISM), but their sensitivity to external forcing on interannual and longer timescales is not well understood. Here, for the first time, we investigate the sensitivity of Etesian winds to large volcanic eruptions in a set of model simulations over the last millennium and reanalysis of the 20th century. We provide model evidence for significant volcanic signatures, manifested as a robust reduction in the wind speed and the total number of days with Etesian winds in July and August. These are robust responses to all strong eruptions in the last millennium, and in the extreme case of Samalas, the ensemble-mean response suggests a post-eruption summer without Etesians. The significant decline in the number of days with Etesian winds is attributed to the weakening of the ISM in the post-eruption summers, which is associated with a reduced large-scale subsidence and weakened surface pressure gradients in the eastern Mediterranean. Our analysis identifies a stronger sensitivity of Etesian winds to the Northern Hemisphere volcanic forcing, particularly for volcanoes before the 20th century, while for the latest large eruption of Pinatubo modelled and observed responses are insignificant. These findings could improve seasonal predictions of the wind circulation in the eastern Mediterranean in the summers after large volcanic eruptions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…7). Following Logothetis et al (2022), the ISM strength is approximated by the omega velocity anomalies at 200 hPa (−Pa s −1 ) averaged over the region of the strongest mean ascending motion (black boxes in Fig. 6).…”

Section: Waning Indian Summer Monsoon Reduces Summer Days With Etesiansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decline in Etesian winds after large volcanic eruptions in the last millennium

Misios

Logothetis

Knudsen

et al. 2022

Weather Clim. Dynam.

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show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Waning Indian Summer Monsoon Reduces Summer Days With Etesiansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decline of Etesian winds after large volcanic eruptions in the last millennium

Misios¹,

Logothetis²,

Knudsen³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Abstract. Etesian winds represent one of the most stable summer circulation regimes in the Eastern Mediterranean. The Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) variability and tropical/extra-tropical teleconnections are influencing the Eastern Mediterranean, given that a stronger ISM is often associated with more intense and persistent Etesian winds. The response of Etesian winds to external forcing on interannual and longer time scales, however, is not well understood. Here, for the first time, we investigate responses of Etesian winds to large volcanic eruptions by analysing a blend of model simulations covering the last millennium and reanalysis data over the 20th century. We provide model evidence for significant volcanic signatures, manifested as a robust reduction of the average wind speed in late summer months and the total number of days with Etesian winds. These signatures are attributed to the weakening of the ISM in the post-eruption summer, which reduces large scale subsidence in the Eastern Mediterranean, weakens the Anatolian low, and finally reduces the intensity and persistence of the Etesian winds. We find a stronger sensitivity of Etesian winds to Northern Hemisphere volcanoes, particularly before the 20th century, while for the latest large eruption of Pinatubo, modelled and observed responses are insignificant. Our results could be applied to improve seasonal prediction of wind circulation in the Eastern Mediterranean in the post-eruption summers.

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Changes in snow cover extent in the Central Taurus Mountains from 1981 to 2021 in relation to temperature, precipitation, and atmospheric teleconnections

Erlat,

Aydin-Kandemir

2024

J. Mt. Sci.

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The Southeast Asian monsoon and El Niño–Southern Oscillation impact on the summer atmospheric circulation of East Mediterranean during 20th century based on ERA‐20C and CMIP5 simulations

Cited by 3 publications

References 87 publications

Decline in Etesian winds after large volcanic eruptions in the last millennium

Decline in Etesian winds after large volcanic eruptions in the last millennium

Decline of Etesian winds after large volcanic eruptions in the last millennium

Changes in snow cover extent in the Central Taurus Mountains from 1981 to 2021 in relation to temperature, precipitation, and atmospheric teleconnections

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