The source of hydrogen evolved from a magnesium anode

Williams, Geraint; Birbilis, Nick; McMurray, H. N.

doi:10.1016/j.elecom.2013.08.023

Cited by 223 publications

(239 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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confidence: 99%

“…11 More importantly, the cathodic reactions were shown to persist on the surface of the anodically polarized sample; meaning that both reactions 1 and 2 are important during Mg dissolution. Furthermore, the cathodic areas grow more rapidly with increasing applied anodic current density, 11 indicating that the copious hydrogen evolution during anodic polarization is induced by an electrochemical reaction. Recent results have also shown that a characteristic of the NDE phenomenon is the accompaniment of enhanced catalytic activity for hydrogen evolution induced by anodic polarization of Mg. [10][11][12] As the exchange current density for the HER is considerably higher on most metals than on Mg, 13 noble metal impurities are thought to play an important role by acting as persistent cathodic sites.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…This phenomenon is termed the negative difference effect (NDE), and has been well documented for many decades. [6][7][8][9][10][11] The physical conditions responsible for the NDE remain an important research topic in the context of the complete understanding of Mg as an electrode.…”

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The pH Dependence of Magnesium Dissolution and Hydrogen Evolution during Anodic Polarization

Rossrucker

Samaniego

Grote

et al. 2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The dissolution of magnesium (Mg) has been investigated with an electrochemical flow cell coupled to downstream analysis. The setup allows for polarization experiments and simultaneous determination of the amount of dissolved magnesium ions via inductively coupled plasma -mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS). Additionally, Mg dissolution was compared to hydrogen evolution measurements in the flow cell and also in standard beakers. Experiments were performed in unbuffered NaCl and in buffered solutions of various pH to determine the influence of the pH on surface film stability and Mg dissolution. In borate buffer (pH 10.5), Mg(OH) 2 was found to be more stable than in unbuffered electrolyte. In the flow cell, the negative difference effect (NDE) was absent for low anodic polarization currents in a neutral buffered solution, whilst high anodic polarization currents and unbuffered electrolytes favored its existence. In beaker experiments, strong NDE was observed in a pH 10.5 buffer, and also in pH 7 and 3 buffers, but only at higher applied currents where the buffering capacity was locally overwhelmed. These observations validate the importance of the pH in near surface regions with respect to the stability of Mg-surface films and subsequent NDE.

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The pH Dependence of Magnesium Dissolution and Hydrogen Evolution during Anodic Polarization

Rossrucker

Samaniego

Grote

et al. 2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…It has been found that the propagation of filaments occurs with voluminous gas evolution at the head while the body immediately behind it passivates [62]. Filiform corrosion has been observed in high purity magnesium of unpolarised and galvanostatically polarised specimen in aqueous sodium chloride electrolyte [52,56]. A relatively widespread surface coverage of what is the typically observed filiform-like corrosion morphology [63] was observed for pure Mg.…”

Section: Global and Local Electrochemical Behaviour Of Az91 In 01 Mmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…The presence of this resistant surface film was revealed by EDS measurements. Filiform corrosion has previously been observed in pure magnesium [13,[49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56] as well as Mg-Al [57,58], Mg-Y [50], Mg8Li [55], AM30 [59], AZ31 [60,61], AZ80 [60], AZ91D [13] and AZ91 [51] alloys after immersion in chloride-containing solutions. It has been found that the propagation of filaments occurs with voluminous gas evolution at the head while the body immediately behind it passivates [62].…”

Section: Global and Local Electrochemical Behaviour Of Az91 In 01 Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of a multiscale approach in electrochemistry to study the corrosion behaviour of as-cast AZ91 magnesium alloy

Kot

Krawiec

2015

J Solid State Electrochem

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The microstructure of as-cast AZ91 alloy is complex, with the presence of Mg 17 (Al, Zn) 12 precipitates surrounded by an eutectic phase, AlMn intermetallic particles and an α-Mg solid solution. In addition, the distribution of aluminium in the alloy was found to be heterogeneous. Under these conditions, a multiscale approach coupling global and local electrochemical measurements seems to be a promising method to study its corrosion behaviour. Results show that the multiscale approach can be used in 0.1 M NaCl. In this case, AZ91 is susceptible to pitting corrosion. By contrast, the multiscale approach is not valid for AZ91 in 0.1 M Na 2 SO 4 . At the global scale, filiform corrosion and pitting corrosion are observed in the matrix, whereas only pits initiate when using the microcapillary techniques. The obtained results show that the local electrochemical techniques have to be used carefully in some environments.

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Review of Recent Developments in the Field of Magnesium Corrosion

et al. 2015

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This paper provides a review of recent developments in the field of Mg corrosion and puts those into context. This includes considerations of corrosion manifestations, material influences, surface treatment, anodization, coatings, inhibition, biodegradable medical applications, stress corrosion cracking, flammability, corrosion mechanisms for HP Mg, critical evaluation of corrosion mechanisms, and concluding remarks. There has been much research recently, and much research continues in this area. This is expected to produce significantly better, more-corrosion-resistant Mg alloys.

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The source of hydrogen evolved from a magnesium anode

Cited by 223 publications

References 22 publications

The pH Dependence of Magnesium Dissolution and Hydrogen Evolution during Anodic Polarization

The pH Dependence of Magnesium Dissolution and Hydrogen Evolution during Anodic Polarization

The use of a multiscale approach in electrochemistry to study the corrosion behaviour of as-cast AZ91 magnesium alloy

Review of Recent Developments in the Field of Magnesium Corrosion

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