The Sorption of Ketotifen Fumarate by Chitosan

Abstract

Abstract. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the mechanism of interaction between ketotifen fumarate and chitosan at different pH values. The specific surface area of chitosan was determined using gas sorption analyzer. The sorption experiments were conducted at pH 7 and 10 using two different particle size ranges of chitosan. The solutions were prepared at constant ionic strength and buffer concentration, with only varying the pH. The rotating bottle method was used for measuring the sorption. The average specific surface areas for the two different particle size ranges of chitosan were found to be 4.56 and 0.74 m 2 /g. The Langmuir-like equation and a model independent equation were both applied to the sorption experimental data. The extent of ketotifen uptake at pH 7 for small and large particles of chitosan was found to be 1,073 and 2,204 mg/g respectively. While the extent of ketotifen uptake at pH 10 for small and large particles of chitosan was found to be 4 and 11 mg/g respectively. The aforementioned results indicated that sorption of ketotifen fumarate at pH 7 is extremely high compared to pH 10 and that the sorption increases by decreasing the specific surface area of chitosan. Based on the results obtained, the following conclusions were reached. Ketotifen might be absorbed into the bulk structure of chitosan in addition to being adsorbed on the surface and the ability of chitosan to swell at pH 7 has a significant role in increasing its uptake.

Precious metal recovery by selective adsorption using biosorbents

“…It had a specific area of 3.0 m 2 g −1 and was nonporous according to the N 2 physisorption measurement. These results are in good agreement with prior reports on raw chitosan [51]. The chitosan powder had a wide range of particle size from few microns to tens of microns and most appears to be agglomerates of smaller particles.…”

Recovery of oil from oil-in-water emulsion using biopolymers by adsorptive method

“…A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t inorganic acids [25,26]. Chitin and chitosan are cost effective, non-toxic, non-polluting and sustainable since fishery wastes are freely and abundantly available.…”

Effect of Carbon Chain Length, Ionic Strength, and pH on the In Vitro Release Kinetics of Cationic Drugs from Fatty-Acid-Loaded Contact Lenses

“…Moreover, the faster release at lower pH could be also attributed to the increase in the solubility of the drugs. For example, the solubility in PBS of ketotifen fumarate at pH 7 and 10 was found to be 10.5 and 0.02 mg/mL, respectively [ 55 ]. The degree of ionization of KTF and THCL increases at lower pH values, which leads to higher aqueous solubilities in more acidic pH environments.…”