The Soret Effect: A Review of Recent Experimental Results

Platten, J. K.

doi:10.1115/1.1992517

Cited by 326 publications

(193 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Usually the Soret coefficient is of order 0.6 − 1.5 [31], but the overall size of the Soret effect is believed to be very small in liquids and electrolytes [32]. Therefore the ion flux induced by temperature gradients is neglected compared to the one caused by electric currents and gradients in concentrations.…”

Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic consistent transport theory of Li-ion batteries

Latz

Zausch

2011

Journal of Power Sources

185

220

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Most Li ion insertion batteries consist of a porous cathode, a separator filled with electrolyte and an anode, which very often also has some porous structure. The solid part especially in the cathode is usually produced by mixing a powder of the actual active particles, in which Li ions will be intercalated, binder and carbon black to enhance the electronic conductivity of the electrode. As a result the porous structure of the electrodes is very complex, leading to complex potential, ion and temperature distributions within the electrodes. The intercalation and deintercalation of ions cannot be expected to be homogeneously distributed over the electrode due to the different transport properties of electrolyte and active particles in the electrode and the complex three-dimensional pore structure of the electrode. The influence of the final microstructure on the distribution of temperature, electric potential and ions within the electrodes is not known in detail, but may influence strongly the onset of degradation mechanisms. For being able to numerically simulate the transport phenomena, the equations and interface conditions for ion, charge and heat transport within the complex structure of the electrodes and through the electrolyte filled separator are needed. We will present a rigorous derivation of these equations based exclusively on general principles of nonequilibrium thermodynamics. The theory is thermodynamically consistent i.e. it guarantees strictly positive entropy production. The irreversible and reversible sources of heat are derived within the theory. Especially the various contribution to the Peltier heat due to the intercalation of ions are obtained as a result of the theory

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Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic consistent transport theory of Li-ion batteries

Latz

Zausch

2011

Journal of Power Sources

185

220

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“…It should be noted that this improvement is largely due to the fact that experimental measurements of this property, which are hard to handle because of thermal convection, have been strongly improved during the last decade and provide now consistent values using different experimental techniques 10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodiffusion in model nanofluids by molecular dynamics simulations

Galliéro

Volz

2008

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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In this work, a new algorithm is proposed to compute single particle (infinite dilution) thermodiffusion using Non-Equilibrium Molecular Dynamics simulations through the estimation of the thermophoretic force that applies on a solute particle. This scheme is shown to provide consistent results for simple Lennard-Jones fluids and for model nanofluids (spherical non-metallic nanoparticles + Lennard-Jones fluid) where it appears that thermodiffusion amplitude, as well as thermal conductivity, decrease with nanoparticles concentration. Then, in nanofluids in the liquid state, by changing the nature of the nanoparticle (size, mass and internal stiffness) and of the solvent (quality and viscosity) various trends are exhibited. In all cases the single particle thermodiffusion is positive, i.e. the nanoparticle tends to migrate toward the cold area. The single particle thermal diffusion 2 coefficient is shown to be independent of the size of the nanoparticle (diameter of 0.8 to 4 nm), whereas it increases with the quality of the solvent and is inversely proportional to the viscosity of the fluid. In addition, this coefficient is shown to be independent of the mass of the nanoparticle and to increase with the stiffness of the nanoparticle internal bonds. Besides, for these configurations, the mass diffusion coefficient behavior appears to be consistent with a Stokes-Einstein like law.3

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“…However, liquid sampling required in this method may disturb the diffusive process. 16 For the second group, convectionless state is crucial for the measurements. The sampling problem exists in the standard Soret cell, 16 where liquid is placed between two differentially heated copper plates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16 For the second group, convectionless state is crucial for the measurements. The sampling problem exists in the standard Soret cell, 16 where liquid is placed between two differentially heated copper plates. Modern techniques based on optical methods of observation do not perturb the diffusive process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Rayleigh-Bénard setup, the data are extracted from critical parameters for the oscillatory onset of convection in binary fluid. 16 Thermogravitational column technique 17,18 relies on coupling between convection and horizontal thermal diffusion in a side-heated vertical slot. However, liquid sampling required in this method may disturb the diffusive process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measurement of the Soret and diffusion coefficients for benchmark binary mixtures by means of digital interferometry

Mialdun

Shevtsova

2011

The Journal of Chemical Physics

102

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We report on the development of the optical digital interferometry (ODI) technique for measuring diffusion and Soret coefficients. The unique feature of this method is that it traces the transient path of the system in the entire two-dimensional cross section of a cell. In this way, it is applicable not only for measurements of Soret coefficients, but also for studying diffusive transport mechanism and convection. Presently, this method is not widely used and, in our view, not because of fundamental limitations but rather due to a lack of properly developed postexperimental procedures of the raw data analysis. Thus, in this paper our attention is focused on the successive analysis of different steps: the fringe analysis, the choice of reference images, the thermal design of the cell, and multiparameter fitting procedure. Using the ODI technique, we have measured the diffusion and the Soret coefficients for three binary mixtures composed of dodecane (C 12 H 26 ), isobutylbenzene, and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphtalene at a mean temperature of 25 • C and 50 wt. % in each component. These measurements were compared with their benchmark values and show an agreement within less than 3%.

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The Soret Effect: A Review of Recent Experimental Results

Cited by 326 publications

References 20 publications

Thermodynamic consistent transport theory of Li-ion batteries

Thermodynamic consistent transport theory of Li-ion batteries

Thermodiffusion in model nanofluids by molecular dynamics simulations

Measurement of the Soret and diffusion coefficients for benchmark binary mixtures by means of digital interferometry

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