The Social Functioning Questionnaire: A Rapid and Robust Measure of Perceived Functioning

Tyrer, Peter; Nur, Ula; Crawford, Mike; Karlsen, Saffron; McLean, Claire; Rao, Bharti; Johnson, Tony

doi:10.1177/0020764005057391

Cited by 285 publications

(225 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

219

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The item formulation was ‘How strong did you experience feelings of loneliness during the past 7 days?’ and it was answered on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 0, not at all , to 4, very strong . The second item derived from the Social Functioning Questionnaire (SFQ; Tyrer et al, 2005). The item formulation was ‘I feel lonely and isolated from other people’ and it was answered on a 4-point Likert scale ranging from 0, almost all the time , to 3, not at all .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A socio-interpersonal approach to adjustment disorder: the example of involuntary job loss

Lorenz

Perkonigg

Maercker

2018

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Adjustment disorder (AjD) was redefined for ICD-11 with core symptoms of preoccupation with a stressor and failure to adapt. The socio-interpersonal framework model for stress-response syndromes suggests that interpersonal factors, besides intrapersonal processes, substantially contribute to the development of AjD. Objective: The current study aimed to identify predictive factors in the development of AjD symptoms by the application of a framework model for stress-response syndromes. Method: N = 321 recently laid-off participants (47.7% female) were assessed with a newly developed standardized clinical diagnostic interview section on ICD-11 AjD. Self-report questionnaires measured AjD symptom severity, and interpersonal and intrapersonal predictors. Path analysis was used to model the associations between AjD symptom severity and the predictor variables. We conducted logistic regression to identify associated characteristics of diagnostic status. Results: AjD symptoms were highly prevalent and 25.6% of participants met the diagnostic criteria. Higher loneliness, higher dysfunctional disclosure, and lower self-efficacy were associated with both higher symptom severity and higher likelihood of meeting the diagnostic criteria for AjD. Higher perceived social support was associated with higher likelihood for AjD diagnosis. Conclusions: Research on risk factors for AjD is still sparse. This study provided empirical evidence on the role of interpersonal factors supporting the socio-interpersonal model for stress-response syndromes.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A socio-interpersonal approach to adjustment disorder: the example of involuntary job loss

Lorenz

Perkonigg

Maercker

2018

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Experimental psychopathology research typically measures clinical constructs in analogue populations, and these too often have heavily skewed distributions (Rutter & Miglioretti, 2003;Tyrer, et al, 2005;Zimmerman, et al, 2004). Although these ROBUST ESTIMATION 13 distributional shapes do not prevent the parameter estimates of the linear model derived from OLS from being unbiased and optimal, other classes of estimator may be more accurate.…”

Section: What Kind Of Data Do Psychologists Usually Have?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Substantial skew has been found in economic and cost indicators (Barber & Thompson, 2000;Hlatky, Boothroyd, & Johnstone, 2002) and measures of quality of life (Arostegui, Nunez-Anton, & Quintana, 2007) and social functioning (Tyrer, et al, 2005) in clinical trial data. Skew is the norm in measures of depression (Rutter & Miglioretti, 2003;Zimmerman, Chelminski, & Posternak, 2004), mania (Picardi, et al, 2008) and suicidal ideation (Binks, et al, 2006).…”

Section: What Kind Of Data Do Psychologists Usually Have?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is particularly noteworthy, given the profound impact of heavy tails on power and effect sizes, that up to two thirds of distributions had heavy tails. (Picardi, et al, 2008) and suicidal ideation (Binks, et al, 2006).Experimental psychopathology research typically measures clinical constructs in analogue populations, and these too often have heavily skewed distributions (Rutter & Miglioretti, 2003;Tyrer, et al, 2005;Zimmerman, et al, 2004). Although these ROBUST ESTIMATION 13 distributional shapes do not prevent the parameter estimates of the linear model derived from OLS from being unbiased and optimal, other classes of estimator may be more accurate.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Robust statistical methods: A primer for clinical psychology and experimental psychopathology researchers

Field

Wilcox

2017

Behaviour Research and Therapy

298

207

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper reviews and offers tutorials on robust statistical methods relevant to clinical and experimental psychopathology researchers. We review the assumptions of one of the most commonly applied models in this journal (the general linear model, GLM) and the effects of violating them. We then present evidence that psychological data are more likely than not to violate these assumptions. Next, we overview some methods for correcting for violations of model assumptions. The final part of the paper presents 8 tutorials of robust statistical methods using R that cover a range of variants of the GLM (t-tests, ANOVA, multiple regression, multilevel models, latent growth models). We conclude with recommendations that set the expectations for what methods researchers submitting to the journal should apply and what they should report. Keywords Robust statistical methods, assumptions, bias ROBUST ESTIMATION 3 Robust statistical methods: a primer for clinical psychology and experimental psychopathology researchers OverviewThe general linear model (GLM), which is routinely used in clinical and experimental psychopathology research, was once thought to be robust to violations of its assumptions. However, based on hundreds of journal articles published during the last fifty years, it is well established that this view is incorrect. Moreover, modern methods for dealing with the violations of these assumptions can result in substantial gains in power as well as a deeper, more accurate and more nuanced understanding of data. We begin with an overview of the key assumptions underlying the GLM. We then review various misconceptions about how robust the GLM is to violations of those assumptions and look at the effects that violations can have. We end the first section by looking at the evidence that psychological data, in general, are likely to violate the assumptions of the GLM.In part 2 of the paper we overview a selection of ways to deal with violations of assumptions that fall under the headings of data transformation, adjustments to standard errors, and robust estimation. In the final part, we present 8 tutorials that use datasets relevant to this journal to show how to implement a selection of techniques (robust estimators for model parameters and standard errors) for designs common to this journal (comparing dependent and independent means, predicting continuous outcomes from continuous predictors and longitudinal designs). ROBUST ESTIMATION 4The assumptions of the general linear model Critical assumptionsPsychology researchers (generally) and those with interests in psychopathology (specifically) typically apply variants of the general linear model to their data. In this model, an outcome variable (Y) is predicted from a linear and additive combination of one or more predictor variables (X). For each predictor there is a parameter that is estimated from the data (!) that represents the relationship between the predictor and outcome variable if the effects of other predictors in the model are held constant. There ...

show abstract

“…All participants were asked about suicide attempts in the last year during the phase one interview. Social functioning was assessed using the eight-item Social Functioning Questionnaire (SFQ ; Tyrer et al 2005). Each item was scored from 0 to 3 (scale range 0 to 24), with higher scores indicating (more) problems with social functioning.…”

Section: O10 (Out Of 40) Completed the Severity Of Alcoholmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latent class analysis of co-morbidity in the Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey in England 2007: implications for DSM-5 and ICD-11

Weich

McBride

Hussey³

et al. 2011

Psychol. Med.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundPsychiatric co-morbidity is complex and ubiquitous. Our aim was to describe the extent, nature and patterning of psychiatric co-morbidity within a representative sample of the adult population of England, using latent class analysis.MethodData were used from the 2007 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey, a two-phase national household survey undertaken in 2007 comprising 7325 participants aged 16 years and older living in private households in England. The presence of 15 common mental health and behavioural problems was ascertained using standardized clinical and validated self-report measures, including three anxiety disorders, depressive episode, mixed anxiety depressive disorder, psychosis, antisocial and borderline personality disorders, eating disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, attention deficit disorder, alcohol and drug dependencies, problem gambling and attempted suicide.ResultsA four-class model provided the most parsimonious and informative explanation of the data. Most participants (81.6%) were assigned to a non-symptomatic or ‘Unaffected’ class. The remainder were classified into three qualitatively different symptomatic classes: ‘Co-thymia’ (12.4%), ‘Highly Co-morbid’ (5.0%) and ‘Addictions’ (1.0%). Classes differed in mean numbers of conditions and impairments in social functioning, and these dimensions were correlated.ConclusionsOur findings confirm that mental disorders typically co-occur and are concentrated in a relatively small number of individuals. Conditions associated with the highest levels of disability, mortality and cost – psychosis, suicidality and personality disorders – are often co-morbid with more common conditions. This needs to be recognized when planning services and when considering aetiology.

show abstract

The Social Functioning Questionnaire: A Rapid and Robust Measure of Perceived Functioning

Cited by 285 publications

References 28 publications

A socio-interpersonal approach to adjustment disorder: the example of involuntary job loss

A socio-interpersonal approach to adjustment disorder: the example of involuntary job loss

Robust statistical methods: A primer for clinical psychology and experimental psychopathology researchers

Latent class analysis of co-morbidity in the Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey in England 2007: implications for DSM-5 and ICD-11

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About