The Social Determinants of Health, Health Disparities, and Health Justice

Abstract

Although the federal government and several state governments have recognized that structural discrimination limits less privileged groups’ ability to be healthy, the measures adopted to eliminate health disparities do not address structural discrimination. Historical and modern-day structural discrimination in employment has limited racial and ethnic minority individuals’ economic conditions by segregating them to low wage jobs that lack benefits, which has been associated with health disparities. Health justice provides a community-driven approach to transform the government’s efforts to eliminate health disparities, by acknowledging the problem of structural discrimination; empowering less privileged groups to create and implement structural change; and providing support to redress harm.

The self‐management experiences of individuals who perceive health as beyond their control: An interpretive phenomenological study of individuals with ischemic heart disease

“…As noted by Northouse and Swain (1987), “From a systematic perspective, when illness occurs in the family, the effects are not confined to the patient but reverberate throughout the family system.” This cultural aspect also aligns with collectivist values in Chinese family culture, where family members often care for each other and consider the family's well‐being. Participants also mentioned work environment and access to medical resources as influencing factors (Yearby, 2022). Socioeconomic status (e.g., type and prestige of occupation, income, and education level) plays a significant role in the health status of older adults.…”

Unraveling the Tapestry of Pain: A Comprehensive Review of Ethnic Variations, Cultural Influences, and Physiological Mechanisms in Pain Management and Perception

“…In cases where opioids are necessary for moderate to severe pain, guidelines emphasize cautious use. This involves conducting risk assessments, regular monitoring, and utilizing prescription monitoring programs to mitigate the risks of addiction and overdose [ 113 ]. In addition, it may be helpful to consider using other medications like tricyclic antidepressants and anticonvulsants to effectively manage neuropathic pain [ 114 ].…”

A Clarion Call for Change: The MLP Imperative to Center Racial Discrimination and Structural Health Inequities

“…Ultimately, we agree that no MLP is exempt from this imperative to help realize laws and policies that redress historic harm and provide the legal protection and social supports to achieve health equity. 69 The solution we propose is a massive expansion in MLP resources and strategies to address laws and policies informed by racial discrimination that are destroying whole generations of historically marginalized communities in America. It is no longer enough to solely provide I-HELP-based legal services to individuals and families.…”