The social cost of trading: Measuring the increased damages from sulfur dioxide trading in the United States

Abstract

The sulfur dioxide (SO2)

An economic analysis of the continuous ultrasound-assisted oxidative desulfurization process applied to oil recovered from waste tires

“…The accumulation of sulfur dioxide in the atmosphere results in the formation of acid rain, while sulfate particulate matter can cause respiratory problems (Sachdeva and Pant, 2010;Henry et al, 2011). According to the World Health Organization (WHO), air pollution is the underlying cause of two million deaths globally (WHO, 2006).…”

The impact of trading on the costs and benefits of the Acid Rain Program

“…There are also concerns that health damages after the ARP were higher than they would have been under a uniform performance standard (Henry et al 2011). The reason is that, compared with a uniform standard, trading shifted emissions from low marginal abatement cost plants (sellers of permits) located in sparsely populated areas west of the Mississippi River to plants in more densely populated areas east of the Mississippi River (buyers of permits).…”

Introduction

“…As I'll discuss further in Chapter 3, the Acid Rain Program, adopted to combat new concerns over surface water acidification and tree mortality in the Adirondacks and Appalachia, likely resulted in differential health benefits to the public. That's because the program shifted SOx emissions from relatively under-populated rural areas to more urbanized parts of the country, where more people were exposed to these pollutants (Henry, Muller and Mendelsohn, 2011). 3) "Strict regulatory controls produce underregulation, at least when the regulator has prosecutorial discretion" (p. 106).…”