The social construction of disaster risk: Seeking root causes

Oliver‐Smith, Anthony; Alcántara-Ayala, Irasema; Burton, Ian; Lavell, Allan

doi:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2016.10.006

Cited by 103 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Inequities in the distribution of resources (e.g., federal disaster aid) or social opportunities can lead to recovery outcomes that disproportionally favor those already in power or who have access to economic and other resources, compared with those in socially vulnerable populations (e.g., minorities, female-headed households, low-income households, the elderly) [25][26][27][28]. Vulnerability and inequity are intrinsically related to each other and to the social dimensions of disaster, disaster risk, and disaster impacts [12,[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. When combined with assessments of hazards, assessments of vulnerability and inequity can inform a community about their overall risk [37,38].…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Term Solutions to a Long-Term Challenge: Rethinking Disaster Recovery Planning to Reduce Vulnerabilities and Inequities

Finucane

Acosta

Wicker

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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In the immediate aftermath of disaster, governments usually act quickly to reduce risk and to recover their communities’ socio-economic functioning. Policy makers in these situations need—but may not have the capacity or time for—substantial analysis and public debate about how to balance short- and long-term societal needs. Inadequate attention to this challenge may result in a deepening of the inequities that increase vulnerability to disaster impacts. We review case examples to illustrate how post-disaster policies may influence the nature, pace, and inclusiveness of community recovery. We then apply a vulnerability/inequity framework to conceptualize how to enhance disaster recovery and avoid perpetuating inequities when weighing the diverse needs of communities across long time horizons.

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Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Term Solutions to a Long-Term Challenge: Rethinking Disaster Recovery Planning to Reduce Vulnerabilities and Inequities

Finucane

Acosta

Wicker

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…Argyris and Schön () introduced single loop and double loop learning, where single loop learning is incremental in nature, helping the organization to do better, to meet present goal but not to change the goals. Corrective risk management has predominantly enforced preparedness and response, which can be identified as single loop approaches (Argyris & Schön, ; Le Coze, ; Oliver‐Smith et al, ). Double loop learning involves reflective thinking, a higher order or systematic learning, where goals, priorities, and assumptions are challenged and scrutinized.…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Knowledge Sharing in a Natural Hazard Damage Context: How Organizational Borders Limit Lessons Learned

Nyman¹,

Johansson²,

Liljegren³

2017

Risk Hazard & Crisis Pub Pol

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The aim of this paper is to increase knowledge about systematic lessons learning in a public-private partnership. Empirically, it focuses on road maintenance in Sweden where the Swedish Transport Administration (STA) is responsible for the state-owned infrastructure and tendered contractors carry out all maintenance. The tendering process stipulates that the stakeholders should enable learning and the knowledge transfer that is, by necessity, required for preventive purposes. Semistructured interviews with project leaders from the STA and respondents from two tendering contractors of maintenance were used to investigate attitudes to and the understanding of sharing experiences and knowledge about damage caused by weather extremes and the relevance of climate change adaptation in their field. The analysis suggests that most of the respondents' experiences stay within their own organization, which creates parallel feedback loops, rather than becomes shared knowledge that could be used as lessons learned enhancing preventive work against future damage and loss. The analysis indicates imbalance in feedback of knowledge concerning weather extremes and their effects.

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“…En trabajos recientes, se pone de relieve la necesidad de un análisis de las causas profundas de persistencia de los desastres (Oliver-Smith et al, 2016). En tal sentido, se destacan los factores que pesan tanto a nivel político o gubernamental (el manejo de la emergencia o la atención post-catástrofe) como a nivel privado (los beneficios económicos en detrimento de la inversión en seguridad y regulación de determinados servicios, por ejemplo).…”

Section: Perspectivas Teóricas Sobre Movilizaciones De Víctimas Y Estunclassified

Rosario arde. Familiares de víctimas y su relación con el Estado en el marco de una catástrofe.

Schillagi

2017

Papeles

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P a la b ra s c la v e Movimientos de víctimas Catástrofes Reclamos ResumenEl artículo analiza el proceso de movilización de familiares de víctimas en torno a una catástrofe ocurrida en Rosario, Argentina, en 2013. Las maniobras para la reparación de una fuga de gas en un edificio céntrico de la ciudad causaron la explosión de una torre de edificios dejando un saldo de 22 personas muertas y numerosos heridos. Partiendo de la exploración de los grupos que se conformaron luego del hecho para reclamar justicia y señalar las responsabilidades frente a lo ocurrido, tengo como objetivo evidenciar el proceso de producción social de las víctimas. Para ello busco dar respuesta a los siguientes interrogantes: ¿De qué manera un grupo de personas se considera a sí mismo y es considerado por otros como víctimas de un daño evitable? ¿Cuál es el papel del Estado en dicho proceso y qué posiciones adoptan los familiares frente a los diferentes dispositivos estatales que se ponen en marcha en el marco de determinados eventos catastróficos? La perspectiva utilizada se apoya en los estudios de movilizaciones de víctimas, haciendo especial hincapié en la noción de dispositivo, así como en aportes que reflexionan sobre las catástrofes y las víctimas de desastres. Para lograr los objetivos se ha realizado un trabajo de corte cualitativo, basado en entrevistas en profundidad a actores claves, observación de reuniones y análisis de fuentes periodísticas y documentos oficiales. K e y w o rd s Victims movements Catastrophes Claims AbstractThe article analyzes the process of mobilization by family members of victims of a catastrophe that happened in Rosario, Argentina, in 2013. The repairing of a gas leak in a building in the center of the city caused an explosion in an apartment tower killing 22 people and leaving a great number of injured people. Through an exploration of the groups created after the explosion to claim justice and to adjudicate responsibilities for what happened, my aim is to show the process of social production of the victims as such. Accordingly, I want to answer the following questions: In what way does a group of people consider themselves and are considered by others as victims of a preventable damage? What is the role of the State in such process? What positions do family members take when they have to confront different state mechanisms implemented in the context of some specific catastrophes? Our point of view stands on studies about victim actions, primarily highlighting the idea of mechanism as well as the contributions reflecting on catastrophes and victims of disaster. In order to achieve these goals, we have performed a qualitative work, based on deep interviews with key informants, observation at meetings, and analysis of press sources and official documents.

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The social construction of disaster risk: Seeking root causes

Cited by 103 publications

References 7 publications

Short-Term Solutions to a Long-Term Challenge: Rethinking Disaster Recovery Planning to Reduce Vulnerabilities and Inequities

Short-Term Solutions to a Long-Term Challenge: Rethinking Disaster Recovery Planning to Reduce Vulnerabilities and Inequities

Systematic Knowledge Sharing in a Natural Hazard Damage Context: How Organizational Borders Limit Lessons Learned

Rosario arde. Familiares de víctimas y su relación con el Estado en el marco de una catástrofe.

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