2014
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2013-003218
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The smoking habit of a close friend or family member—how deep is the impact? A cross-sectional study

Abstract: ObjectivesTo assess the risk of becoming a smoker in adulthood associated with parental smoking as well as the smoking of siblings and close friends.DesignA cross-sectional study.Setting4 oral healthcare centres in Finland and a follow-up.ParticipantsAn age cohort born in 1979 (n=2586) and living in four Finnish towns. Of those reached by the 2008 follow-up, 46.9% (n=1020) responded.Primary and secondary outcome measuresSmoking behaviour at the age of 29. Smoking behaviour at the age of 13 and smoking behaviou… Show more

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Cited by 34 publications
(29 citation statements)
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References 30 publications
(28 reference statements)
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“…However, relatives and accomplices that smoke played an important role in influencing these practices [15], consistent with the study which reported a significant association between the status of family and friends with adolescent behavior [39]. Therefore, teenagers in Aceh and the world at large are highly influenced by their associates -hence, they tend to adopt the common behaviors [40]. Furthermore, other research, which stated that habit was driven by peer pressure and fashion [41], agreed with this investigation.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 89%
“…However, relatives and accomplices that smoke played an important role in influencing these practices [15], consistent with the study which reported a significant association between the status of family and friends with adolescent behavior [39]. Therefore, teenagers in Aceh and the world at large are highly influenced by their associates -hence, they tend to adopt the common behaviors [40]. Furthermore, other research, which stated that habit was driven by peer pressure and fashion [41], agreed with this investigation.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 89%
“…However, relatives and accomplices who smoke played an important role in influencing these practices [16], consistent with a study that reported a significant association between the status of family and friends and adolescent behavior [40]. Therefore, teenagers in Aceh and the world at large are highly influenced by their associates, and hence, they tend to adopt common behaviors [41]. This is in agreement with other research that reported that habit is driven by peer pressure and fashion [42].…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 88%
“…However, relatives and accomplices who smoke played an important role in influencing these practices [16], consistent with a study that reported a significant association between the status of family and friends and adolescent behavior [40]. Therefore, teenagers in Aceh and the world at large are highly influenced by their associates, and hence, they tend to adopt common behaviors [41]. Furthermore, this is in agreement with other research that reported that habit was driven by peer pressure and fashion [42].…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 88%