The Small Water Cycle in the Czech Landscape: How Has It Been Affected by Land Management Changes Over Time?

Noreika, Nina; Winterová, Julie; Li, Tailin; Krása, J.; Dostál, Tomáš

doi:10.3390/su132413757

Cited by 3 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…The soil data at this scale is fairly coarse and is nearing the lower spatial range of SWAT's modeling capabilities, but SWAT was still able to model Nučice effectively with "good" or "very good" performance across the selected indicators [71][72][73]. The uncertainties associated with the Vrchlice model primarily include generalized reservoir processes and crop rotations [27]. Vrchlice was able to be effectively modeled at the monthly timescale, also with "good" and "very good" performance indicators [71][72][73].…”

Section: Hydrological Modeling With Swatmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Vrchlice SWAT model was developed originally for Noreika et al 2021 to study the effects of land use and management changes over time in the basin [27]. The model itself has not been edited further.…”

Section: Soil and Water Assessment Tool (Swat)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vrchlice was divided into 63 sub-basins, containing 1058 HRUs that were defined by their unique combinations of land use, slope class, and soil type. For further detail, parameterization, and intricacies of the model setup, please refer to Noreika et al 2021 [27].…”

Section: Soil and Water Assessment Tool (Swat)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The farm-scale basin (Nučice) is equipped to monitor localized basin processes, and previous studies have primarily focused on rainfall-runoff mechanisms and temporarily variable soil properties [19][20][21][22][23]. Sediment transport and erosion have been extensively studied in Vrchlice (the basin utilized for management-scale analysis), especially regarding the sediment trap efficiencies of the nearly 140 reservoirs across the basin [24][25][26][27]. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) has been previously utilized at both basins to assess the effects of land use changes on in-basin water balance [26,27], but since the Czech Republic is likely to remain quite agricultural for the foreseeable future, it is of great interest to assess the impacts of agricultural conservation practice incorporation at each of these scales.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sediment transport and erosion have been extensively studied in Vrchlice (the basin utilized for management-scale analysis), especially regarding the sediment trap efficiencies of the nearly 140 reservoirs across the basin [24][25][26][27]. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) has been previously utilized at both basins to assess the effects of land use changes on in-basin water balance [26,27], but since the Czech Republic is likely to remain quite agricultural for the foreseeable future, it is of great interest to assess the impacts of agricultural conservation practice incorporation at each of these scales. While sometimes data intensive, hydrologic models are a relatively easy and non-invasive way to run scenario analyses in a landscape.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects of Agricultural Conservation Practices on the Small Water Cycle: From the Farm- to the Management-Scale

Noreika

Winterová

et al. 2022

Land

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Reinforcing the small water cycle is considered to be a holistic approach to both water resource and landscape management. In an agricultural landscape, this can be accomplished by incorporating agricultural conservation practices; their incorporation can reduce surface runoff, increase infiltration, and increase the water holding capacity of a soil. Some typical agricultural conservation practices include: conservation tillage, contour farming, residue incorporation, and reducing field sizes; these efforts aim to keep both water and soil in the landscape. The incorporation of such practices has been extensively studied over the last 40 years. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used to model two basins in the Czech Republic (one at the farm-scale and a second at the management-scale) to determine the effects of agriculture conservation practice adoption at each scale. We found that at the farm-scale, contour farming was the most effective practice at reinforcing the small water cycle, followed by residue incorporation. At the management-scale, we found that the widespread incorporation of agricultural conservation practices significantly reinforced the small water cycle, but the relative scale and spatial distribution of their incorporation were not reflected in the SWAT scenario analysis. Individual farmers should be incentivized to adopt agricultural conservation practices, as these practices can have great effects at the farm-scale. At the management-scale, the spatial distribution of agricultural conservation practice adoption was not significant in this study, implying that managers should incentivize any adoption of such practices and that the small water cycle would be reinforced regardless.

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Section: Hydrological Modeling With Swatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Soil and Water Assessment Tool (Swat)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Soil and Water Assessment Tool (Swat)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects of Agricultural Conservation Practices on the Small Water Cycle: From the Farm- to the Management-Scale

Noreika

Winterová

et al. 2022

Land

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Seasonal variations of vegetative indices and their correlation with evapotranspiration and soil water storage in a small agricultural catchment

Li,

Schiavo,

Zumr

2023

Soil & Water Res.

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A precise measurement of evapotranspiration (ET) and soil water storage (SWS) is necessary for crop management and understanding hydrological processes in agricultural catchments. In this study, we extracted the vegetative indices (VIs, including normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI), soil-adjusted vegetation index (SAVI), and enhanced vegetation index (EVI)) from satellite images of the Nučice catchment. We found a consistent seasonal pattern of VIs across the catchment with higher values and variation ranges during spring and summer and lower values and variation ranges during autumn and winter. Spatial variation of VIs also followed a seasonal trend, decreasing during crop growth and increasing after crop harvesting. Seasonal correlations were observed between monthly average ET and SWS with VIs throughout one crop season, which can be expressed mathematically as exponential functions. We propose that VIs can be used as a surrogate measure for ET and SWS in catchments with poor monitoring capabilities. Further studies are required to investigate the spatial distribution of ET and SWS throughout the watershed and their relationship with VIs. Furthermore, our research emphasises the importance of subsurface recharge in the water balance of the investigated fields. It suggests that subsurface flow may be influenced by potential gradients of the water table, driving its seasonal behaviour in response to bedrock morphology.

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Using WaTEM/SEDEM to Model the Effects of Crop Rotation and Changes in Land Use on Sediment Transport in the Vrchlice Watershed

et al. 2022

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The Czech landscape has undergone various changes over the last 100 years and has been mainly adapted agriculturally for economic purposes. This has resulted, among other things, in reservoirs being clogged with sediment. The Vrchlice Reservoir was built in 1970 to supply drinking water for around 50,000 inhabitants, and increased sedimentation has been detected in the reservoir in recent years. Water erosion and sediment transport were modeled with WaTEM/SEDEM. Sediment volumes were measured in eight ponds across the watershed for calibration purposes. Modeled results from ponds in watersheds covered mostly with arable lands generally corresponded with the measured values. Although in forested watersheds, the measured sediment volumes greatly exceeded modeled sediment yields, indicating high uncertainty in using USLE-based models in non-agricultural watersheds. The modeled scenarios represented pre-Communist, Communist, and post-Communist eras. For these periods WaTEM/SEDEM was used to evaluate three isolated effects: the effects of various crops on arable lands, the effects of farmland fragmentation, and finally the effects of changes in land use. The change in crops proved to be an important factor causing high siltation rate (potential 23% reduction in sediment yield for historical periods), and land fragmentation played the second important role (potential 15% reduction in sediment yield can be reached by land fragmentation). Across all scenarios, the lowest sediment yield and reservoirs siltation rates were obtained from the pre-Communist and Communist crop share under current land use conditions, and current land use with farmland fragmentation implemented, as it was re-constructed for the pre-Communist era. This supports the idea that the introduction of green areas within arable lands are beneficial to the landscape and can help reduce soil erosion and reservoir siltation.

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The Small Water Cycle in the Czech Landscape: How Has It Been Affected by Land Management Changes Over Time?

Cited by 3 publications

References 39 publications

The Effects of Agricultural Conservation Practices on the Small Water Cycle: From the Farm- to the Management-Scale

The Effects of Agricultural Conservation Practices on the Small Water Cycle: From the Farm- to the Management-Scale

Seasonal variations of vegetative indices and their correlation with evapotranspiration and soil water storage in a small agricultural catchment

Using WaTEM/SEDEM to Model the Effects of Crop Rotation and Changes in Land Use on Sediment Transport in the Vrchlice Watershed

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