The Small-Scale Approach in Wastewater Treatment

Libralato, Giovanni

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-4942-9_7

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Decentralization of wastewater treatment is one strategy for addressing urban development without massive infrastructure overhaul. AnMBR is worth considering in this context given the higher strength of domestic wastewater in decentralized systems . These advantages must be weighed against implementation of small-scale or microturbine CHP systems which may be less cost-effective and less efficient relative to larger CHP systems implemented in centralized wastewater treatment plants.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Navigating Wastewater Energy Recovery Strategies: A Life Cycle Comparison of Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor and Conventional Treatment Systems with Anaerobic Digestion

Smith

Stadler

Cao

et al. 2014

Environ. Sci. Technol.

247

171

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The objective of this study was to evaluate emerging anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) technology in comparison with conventional wastewater energy recovery technologies. Wastewater treatment process modeling and systems analyses were combined to evaluate the conditions under which AnMBR may produce more net energy and have lower life cycle environmental emissions than high rate activated sludge with anaerobic digestion (HRAS+AD), conventional activated sludge with anaerobic digestion (CAS+AD), and an aerobic membrane bioreactor with anaerobic digestion (AeMBR+AD). For medium strength domestic wastewater treatment under baseline assumptions at 15 °C, AnMBR recovered 49% more energy as biogas than HRAS+AD, the most energy positive conventional technology considered, but had significantly higher energy demands and environmental emissions. Global warming impacts associated with AnMBR were largely due to emissions of effluent dissolved methane. For high strength domestic wastewater treatment, AnMBR recovered 15% more net energy than HRAS+AD, and the environmental emissions gap between the two systems was reduced. Future developments of AnMBR technology in low energy fouling control, increased flux, and management of effluent methane emissions would make AnMBR competitive with HRAS+AD. Rapid advancements in AnMBR technology must continue to achieve its full economic and environmental potential as an energy recovery strategy for domestic wastewater.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Navigating Wastewater Energy Recovery Strategies: A Life Cycle Comparison of Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor and Conventional Treatment Systems with Anaerobic Digestion

Smith

Stadler

Cao

et al. 2014

Environ. Sci. Technol.

247

171

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“…Physio-chemical treatment techniques such as coagulation/ precipitation/ sedimentation/ filtration, crystallization, chemical and wet air oxidation, supercritical water oxidation, chemical reduction, hydrolysis, nano-filtration, reverse osmosis, adsorption, ion exchange, extraction, distillation/ rectification, evaporation, stripping and incineration are primarily used for non-biodegradable wastewaters, inorganic or hardly biodegradable organic contaminants. At the same time, biological treatment techniques, including anaerobic/aerobic processes, nitrification/denitrification, and central or decentralized biological treatments, are considered for biodegradable wastewater [22].…”

Section: A Onsite Treatment Systems Requirements and Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-criteria Assessment of Onsite Packaged Wastewater Treatment Systems

Ahmed¹,

Al-Matouq²,

Khajah³

et al. 2022

IJESD

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Onsite wastewater treatment systems and small scale packaged wastewater treatment plants have been used on a large scale in developing and developed countries where centralized sewerage facilities are not feasible. Generally, onsite systems continuously work under significant variations in both quantity and quality of the influent wastewater. Therefore, their suitability needs to be assessed before installation and operation to ensure their suitability and sustainability. This paper aims to define a set of context-specific criteria to assist in selecting the best onsite wastewater treatment system and to break down these criteria into measurable parameters. Furthermore, the developed multi-criteria assessment tool was validated using the results of the performance monitoring of a selected wastewater treatment system. This work is important since the selection of onsite systems, in many cases, is done based on declared performance by the supplier and the costs involved.

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Reevaluating onsite wastewater systems: expert recommendations and municipal decision-making

2015

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Onsite wastewater treatment systems (OWTS) serve 20–25% of the households in the USA, and large parts of rural Canada, Australia, and Europe. Urbanization and newer environmental standards are leading many communities that currently rely on OWTS to think of alternatives. We study this decision-making in 19 municipalities across the USA through the unique lens of feasibility reports commissioned by the respective municipalities and authored by engineering/design consulting firms. The reports omitted certain essential information relevant to the decision-making process, and were not of high quality due to a lack of specificity on various parameters. However, the reports evaluated a balanced mix of decentralized and centralized treatment options, and the final recommendations were not biased in any particular direction. Most municipalities failed to take any follow-up action on the report recommendations, calling into question the motive behind commissioning these reports. Although not representative of the entire USA, the small sample of feasibility reports evaluated here is indicative in nature and provided significant insights about the inputs that help municipalities make decisions on complex issues.

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The Small-Scale Approach in Wastewater Treatment

Cited by 3 publications

References 65 publications

Navigating Wastewater Energy Recovery Strategies: A Life Cycle Comparison of Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor and Conventional Treatment Systems with Anaerobic Digestion

Navigating Wastewater Energy Recovery Strategies: A Life Cycle Comparison of Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor and Conventional Treatment Systems with Anaerobic Digestion

Multi-criteria Assessment of Onsite Packaged Wastewater Treatment Systems

Reevaluating onsite wastewater systems: expert recommendations and municipal decision-making

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