The Sloan Lens ACS Survey. V. The Full ACS Strong‐Lens Sample

Bolton, A.; Burles, Scott; Koopmans, L. V. E.; Treu, Tommaso; Gavazzi, R.; Moustakas, Leonidas A.; Wayth, R. B.; Schlegel, David J.

doi:10.1086/589327

Cited by 522 publications

(874 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Indeed, within just a few years, searches in the SDSS (SLACS: Bolton et al 2006Bolton et al , 2008Allam et al 2007), in COSMOS (Faure et al 2008, hereafter and in the CFHT-LS surveys (SL2S: Cabanac et al 2007;Limousin et al 2009b) have delivered more than two hundred new strong galaxy-galaxy lenses, which span a wide range in redshift and image angular separation. The reasons for this interest are manifold.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the evolution of environmental and mass properties of strong lens galaxies in COSMOS

Fauré

Anguita

Alloin

et al. 2011

A&A

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Context. Nearly 100 new strong-lens candidates have been discovered in the COSMOS field. Among these, 20 lens candidates with 0.34 z lens 1.13 feature multiple images of background sources. Aims. Using the multi-wavelength coverage of the field and its spectroscopic follow-up, we characterize the evolution with redshift of the environment and of the dark-matter (DM) fraction of the lens galaxies. Methods. We present spectroscopic and new photometric redshifts of the strong-lens candidates. The lens environment is characterized in the following way: we account for the projected 10 closest galaxies around each lens and for galaxies with a projected distance less than 1 Mpc at the lens galaxy redshift. In both cases, we perform similar measurements on a control sample of "twin" non-lens early-type galaxies (ETGs). In addition, we identify group members and field galaxies in the X-ray and optical catalogs of galaxy groups and clusters. From those catalogs, we measure the external shear contribution of the groups/clusters surrounding the lens galaxies. The systems are then modeled using a singular isothermal ellipsoid for the lens galaxies plus the external shear produced by the groups/clusters. Results. We observe that the average stellar mass of lens galaxies increases with redshift. In addition, we measure that the environment of lens galaxies is compatible with that of the twins over the whole redshift range tested here. During the lens modeling, we notice that when let free, the external shear points in a direction which is the mean direction of the external shear produced by the groups/clusters and of the closest galaxy to the lens. We also notice that the DM fraction of the lens galaxies measured within the Einstein radius significantly decreases as the redshift increases. Conclusions. Given these observations, we conclude that while the environment of lens galaxies is compatible with that of non-lens ETGS over a wide range of redshifts, their mass properties evolves significantly with redshift: it is still not clear whether this advocates in favor of a stronger lensing bias toward massive objects at high redshift or if it is simply representative of the high proportion of massive and high stellar density galaxies at high redshift.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the evolution of environmental and mass properties of strong lens galaxies in COSMOS

Fauré

Anguita

Alloin

et al. 2011

A&A

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“…Large imaging or spectroscopic surveys are becoming key players, in that context, by bringing numerous lensing events of all scales and spanning an increasingly broader range of masses and redshifts (e.g. Kochanek et al 1999;Myers et al 2003;Inada et al 2008;Bolton et al 2006Bolton et al , 2008aFaure et al 2008a;Marshall et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mass profile of early-type galaxies in overdense environments: the case of the double source-plane gravitational lens SL2SJ02176-0513

Gavazzi

Limousin

et al. 2009

A&A

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Context. The Strong Lensing Legacy Survey (SL2S) provides a sample of the strong lensing events associated with massive distant galaxies, some of which lie in the outskirts of galaxy groups and clusters. Aims. We investigate the internal structure of early-type galaxies in overdense environments, where tidal forces are expected to alter dark matter haloes of infalling galaxies. Methods. SL2SJ02176-0513 is a remarkable lens for the presence of two multiply-imaged systems at different redshifts lensed by a foreground massive galaxy at z lens = 0.656: a bright cusp arc at z arc = 1.847 and an additional double-image system at an estimated redshift of z dbl ∼ 2.9 based on photometry and lensing geometry. The system is located about 400 kpc away from the centre of a massive group of galaxies. Mass estimates for the group are available from X-ray observations and satellite kinematics. Multicolour photometry provides an estimate of the stellar mass of the main lens galaxy. The lensing galaxy is modelled with two components (stars and dark matter), and we include the perturbing effect of the group environment and all available constraints. Results. We find that classic lensing degeneracies, e.g. between external convergence and mass density slope, are significantly reduced with respect to standard systems and infer tight constraints on the mass density profile: (i) the dark matter content of the main lens galaxy is in line with that of typical galaxies f dm (

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“…Strong lens samples (e.g., Myers & The Class Collaboration 2001;Fassnacht et al 2004;Cabanac et al 2007;Bolton et al 2008;Inada et al 2008;Faure et al 2008) allow us to study in a statistical way the properties of lensing galaxies (Treu et al 2009) and the possible contribution of the environment to the formation of the lens (Oguri et al 2005;Dobke et al 2007;Faure et al 2009b). To fully understand the properties of a lens sample, we need measure the redshift of the lenses and sources, probe their environments and model the mass potential of each lens system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COSMOS 5921+0638: characterization and analysis of a new strong gravitationally lensed AGN

Anguita

Fauré

Kneib

et al. 2009

A&A

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Context. Strong lens candidates have been newly identified within the COSMOS field. We present VLT/FORS1 spectroscopic followup observations and HST/WFPC2 imaging of the system COSMOS 5921+0638, which exhibits quadruply lensed images and a perfect Einstein ring. Aims. We investigate the nature of COSMOS 5921+0638 by studying its photometric, spectroscopic and physical properties. Methods. By analyzing our VLT/FORS1 spectroscopy and Subaru/CFHT/HST imaging of COSMOS 5921+0638, we completed both an environmental analysis and detailed analytical and grid-based mass modeling to determine it properties. Results. We measured the redshifts of the lensing galaxy in COSMOS 5921+0638 (z l = 0.551 ± 0.001) and 9 additional galaxies in the field (5 of them at z ∼ 0.35). The redshift of the lensed source was inferred by identifying a candidate Lyα line at z s = 3.14 ± 0.05. The mass modeling reveals the requirement of a small external shear (γ = 0.038), which is slightly larger than the lensing contribution expected by galaxy groups along the line-of-sight obtained from the zCOSMOS optical group catalog (κ groups ∼ 0.01 and γ groups ∼ 0.005). The estimated time-delays between the different images are of the order of hours to half a week and the total magnification of the background source is μ ≈ 150. The measured mass-to-light ratio of the lensing galaxy within the Einstein ring is M/L B ≈ 8.5 ± 1.6. Anomalies are observed between the measured and expected flux ratios of the images of the background AGN. Conclusions. Our analysis indicates that the ring and point-like structures in COSMOS 5921+0638 consist of a lensed high redshift galaxy hosting a low luminosity AGN (LLAGN). The observed flux ratio anomalies are probably due to microlensing by stars in the lensing galaxy and/or a combination of static phenomena. Multi-epoch, multi-band space-based observations would allow us to differentiate between the possible causes of these anomalies, since static and/or dynamic variations could be identified. Because of its short time-delays and the possibility of microlensing, COSMOS 5921+0638 is a promising laboratory for future studies of LLAGNs.

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The Sloan Lens ACS Survey. V. The Full ACS Strong‐Lens Sample

Cited by 522 publications

References 74 publications

On the evolution of environmental and mass properties of strong lens galaxies in COSMOS

On the evolution of environmental and mass properties of strong lens galaxies in COSMOS

The mass profile of early-type galaxies in overdense environments: the case of the double source-plane gravitational lens SL2SJ02176-0513

COSMOS 5921+0638: characterization and analysis of a new strong gravitationally lensed AGN

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