The situation of echinococcosis in stray dogs in Turkey: the first finding of <i>Echinococcus multilocularis</i> and <i>Echinococcus ortleppi</i>

Avcıoğlu, Hamza; Güven, Esin; Balkaya, İbrahim; Kirman, Rıdvan; Akyüz, Muzaffer; Bia, Mohammed Mebarek; Gulbeyen, Hatice; Yaya, Sali

doi:10.1017/s0031182021000755

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 72 publications

(75 reference statements)

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“…Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the two EG isolates detected as belonging to the G6/7 genotype were 100% identical with previously identified G6/7 isolates in humans in other regions of Pakistan (MK229300 and MK229305) [ 29 ]. In addition, they were similar to the G6/7 isolates identified in camel, dog, and pig isolates in Kazakhstan, Turkey, and Japan [ 40 , 41 ], which suggests that a common G6/7 genotype of EG may be circulating in humans, dogs, and other intermediate hosts in Pakistan and other countries in Asia. Evolutionary analysis revealed that G1 and G3 isolates in this study were related to, but somewhat diverse from, already reported isolates in humans, buffalo, and sheep from other regions of Pakistan [ 18 , 29 ], as well as those reported in China, Italy, and Mongolia [ 42 , 43 , 44 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Molecular Epidemiology of Cystic Echinococcosis in Rural Baluchistan, Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study

et al. 2022

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Cystic echinococcosis (CE), or hydatid cyst disease (HCD), is a zoonosis of significant importance caused by the cestode of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s. l.) that affects mainly nomadic populations and has substantial economic consequences. Due to the 76% rural and nomadic population, Baluchistan is a highly endemic region in Pakistan for CE; however, it has not yet been investigated for CE. For this purpose, this study was carried out to investigate the molecular epidemiology of CE in this region. In total, 23 human hydatid cyst samples were collected from tertiary health care units in Baluchistan and processed for DNA extraction, which was then followed by sequencing of the cox1 mitochondrial gene of all 23 collected samples, genotyping, and phylogenetic and haplotype analysis. Most subjects were livestock owners (39.13%) in rural settings (73.91%). Most patients (73.19%) were pet owners (dogs) and used water from open sources for drinking. The liver was the most affected organ (52.17%), followed by the lungs (17.39%). Sequence analysis based on the cox1 gene revealed that EG genotype 1 (G1) was the most prevalent (56.52%), followed by G3 (34.78%), while some samples (8.7%) were identified as the Echinococcus canadensis (G6/7) genotype. A total of five haplotypes were detected with high haplotype diversity (0.80) and low nucleotide diversity (0.033). Phylogenetic analysis revealed two diverse sub-clades, each of G1 and G3 isolates from Baluchistan, that were evolutionarily related to previously reported G1 and G3 isolates from Pakistan and China. On the other hand, the G6/7 isolates of this study were evolutionarily identical to the already reported G6/7 isolates from Pakistan, Turkey, and Kazakhstan. This study concludes that diverse G1 and G3 EG isolates are present in this part of Pakistan, while the G6/G7 genotype was reported for the first time from Baluchistan.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Molecular Epidemiology of Cystic Echinococcosis in Rural Baluchistan, Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study

et al. 2022

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“…AE is a major public health concern in the country, particularly prevalent in rural areas located in the eastern regions [27]. There are available data on the presence and prevalence of E. multilocularis in the nal hosts of Erzurum province: 10.5-42% in foxes [28], 3.6-8.3% in dogs [25,29] and in a lynx [30] were presented. In addition, E. multilocularis was detected in stray dogs (8.7%) in a regional study covering the entire northeastern region of Turkey [29].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto and Echinococcus multilocularis in a gray wolf (Canis lupus) in Turkey: further evidence for increased risk of alveolar echinococcosis in urban areas

Akyuz,

Kirman,

Guven

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Objective This study was aimed to confirm the infection and molecular identification of Echinococcus tapeworms in a gray wolf in an urban area of northeastern Turkey. Methods A dead gray wolf (Canis lupus) was found near Erzurum province and brought to the parasitology laboratory. Sedimentation and counting technique (SCT) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis were conducted. Results The SCT implications indicated that the wolf had a substantial worm burden (62,720 and 49,280 parasites) due to a co-infection of E. granulosus s.l. and E. multilocularis. Genus/species-specific PCR was used to analyze DNA extracted from adult worms and confirmed as E. granulosus s.s. (G1) and E. multilocularis, utilizing COI and 12S rRNA gene sequence analysis, respectively. Conclusion This report presents the first co-detection of E. granulosus s.s. and E. multilocularis in a gray wolf found in an urban area from a highly endemic area for human echinococcosis in northeastern Turkey. The results emphasize that AE is not only a problem of rural areas, but also occurs in urban areas, which may pose a threat to public health. Therefore, surveillance in urban areas is crucial. The need to design new control strategies in domestic and wildlife perspective in the study area is also underlined.

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“…The existence of E. granulosus in Kazakhstan, E. intermedius (G7) in Portugal, E. granulosus and E. multilocularis in Italy, and E. canadensis / E. multilocularis mix infections in wolves have been recorded in Canada and Mongolia ( Guberti et al, 2004 ; Abdybekova and Torgerson, 2012 ; Guerra et al, 2013 ; Ito et al, 2013 ; Schurer et al, 2014 ; Massolo et al, 2018 ). Now, E. granulosus s.s. , E. equinus, E. ortleppi , E. canadensis (G6/G7) and E. multilocularis circulate in human and animals in Turkey ( Inceboz et al, 2005 ; Avcioglu et al, 2016 , 2021 ; Kesik et al, 2020 ). E. canadensis (G6/7) has been reported in sheep, cattle, and humans ( Mehmood et al, 2020 ; Bakal et al, 2021 ; Kesik et al, 2021 ), while E. equinus has been found in donkeys, mules and humans in some previous studies in Turkey ( Simsek and Cevik, 2014 ; Kesik et al, 2019 ; Macin et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-infection of Echinococcus equinus and Echinococcus canadensis (G6/7) in a gray wolf in Turkey: First report and genetic variability of the isolates

Kilinc

Çelik

Kesik

et al. 2023

International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife

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The situation of echinococcosis in stray dogs in Turkey: the first finding of Echinococcus multilocularis and Echinococcus ortleppi

Abstract: Abstract

Cited by 20 publications

References 72 publications

Molecular Epidemiology of Cystic Echinococcosis in Rural Baluchistan, Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study

Molecular Epidemiology of Cystic Echinococcosis in Rural Baluchistan, Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study

Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto and Echinococcus multilocularis in a gray wolf (Canis lupus) in Turkey: further evidence for increased risk of alveolar echinococcosis in urban areas

Co-infection of Echinococcus equinus and Echinococcus canadensis (G6/7) in a gray wolf in Turkey: First report and genetic variability of the isolates

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