The Site of Action of the Anticoccidial Salinomycin (Coxistac)

Abstract

The anticoccidial salinomycin has a cidal effect against chicken coccidia. Restricted and unrestricted medication studies and histopathological examinations of chicks infected with Eimeria acervulina, E. maxima, or E. tenella showed that parasites were destroyed within host cells during asexual development. Most sporozoites failed to become trophozoites and were destroyed 30--72 hr after ingestion of oocysts. The drug also affected schizonts during initial nuclear replication by either destroying or significantly delaying their maturation. Parasites affected by the drug were distorted grossly. Drug action against gametogony was not observed histologically, but when medication was restricted to this period of the life cycle, subsequent oocyst shedding of all 3 species was reduced by 20--70% compared to unmedicated controls. When drug was provided during the entire parasite life cycle, activity against asexual stages was so complete that only a limited number of parasites survived to form gamonts, and oocyst shedding was reduced by 80--90% relative to controls. As with other ionophores, salinomycin had no effect upon rate of oocyst sporulation.

Efficacy of narasin against hepatic and intestinal coccidiosis in rabbits

“…These morphological effects are similar to those observed with monensin on E. tenella sporozoites (Shumard & Callender, 1968;McDougald & Galloway, 1976). As with monensin (Joyner & Norton, 1977) and salinomycin (Chappel, 1979) in chickens, narasin has no effect upon rate of ooeyst sporulation in the rabbit.…”

Cd(II) and Pb(II) complexes of the polyether ionophorous antibiotic salinomycin

“…The polyether ionophores are mainly effective against Gram-positive bacteria, interfering with ion flux across bacterial membranes thus causing reallocation of bacterial energy resources to maintain cellular pH and ion balance. Effects on feed conversion efficiency arise from the ability of antibiotics to shift rumen fermentation towards the more energetically efficient propionate pathway, to reduce methane production and to increase nitrogen retention by reducing dietary protein deamination and urinary ammonia excretion [1-9]. …”

First solid state alkaline-earth complexes of monensic acid A (MonH): crystal structure of [M(Mon)2(H2O)2] (M = Mg, Ca), spectral properties and cytotoxicity against aerobic Gram-positive bacteria

“…Recently the most powerful drugs in veterinary medicine effective against coccidiosis and infections induced by Gram-positive organisms represent the group of naturally occurring polyether ionophorous antibiotics (Agtarap et al 1967;Stern 1977;Berg and Hamill 1978;Liu et al 1978;Chappe 1979;Long and Jeffers 1982;Westley et al 1983;Augustine et al 1987;Koinarski and Sherkov 1987;Folz et al 1988;Augustine et al 1992;Varga and Sreter 1996;Wang et al 2006;Kevin et al 2009). Their main representative-monensin-is well known and its ability of binding monovalent metal ions is extensively studied.…”