The single-breath transfer factor for carbon monoxide and respiratory symptoms in a Norwegian community sample

Welle, Ida; Eide, GE; Bakke, Per; Gulsvik, Amund

doi:10.1183/09031936.99.14613209

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The beneficial effect of smoking cessation on the remission of the cough symptoms is presumably due to the removal of the irritant(s). Dyspnoea on exertion can be caused by disease in the small airways and impairment of gas exchange [26]. The fact that smoking cessation did not have a beneficial effect on the remission of dyspnoea grade 2 could indicate irreversible damage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remission of respiratory symptoms by smoking and occupational exposure in a cohort study

Eagan¹,

Gulsvik²,

Eide³

et al. 2004

European Respiratory Journal

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Few studies have estimated the remission rates of respiratory symptoms in general populations. No community cohort studies have examined the impact of smoking cessation and previous dust or fumes exposure on the remission of respiratory symptoms.In the Hordaland County Study, an 11-yr community cohort (1985-1996/1997) from Western Norway, data from 2,819 subjects were used to examine the remission of six respiratory symptoms.The measured cumulative remission varied from 42.3% for morning cough to 58.4% for chronic cough. Smoking cessation was a significant predictor of remission of the cough symptoms and wheezing, with odds ratios (OR) (95% confidence intervals (CI)) varying from 2.2 (1.3-3.7) for wheezing to 6.2 (3.5-11.2) for morning cough, after adjustment for sex, age, pack-years smoked, previous dust or fumes exposure, and educational level. In those not previously exposed to dust or fumes, the adjusted OR (95% CI) for the remission of morning cough, phlegm cough, dyspnoea grade 2, attacks of dyspnoea and wheezing varied from 1.5 (0.9-2.5) for attacks of dyspnoea to 2.1 (1.1-3.9) for dyspnoea grade 2, as compared to those previously exposed to dust or fumes.This study suggests a beneficial effect of smoking cessation and an adverse effect of occupational exposure on the remission of respiratory symptoms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remission of respiratory symptoms by smoking and occupational exposure in a cohort study

Eagan¹,

Gulsvik²,

Eide³

et al. 2004

European Respiratory Journal

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“…Diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) as a non-invasive test of pulmonary gas transfer, and has been considered for a long time as a surrogate marker for loss of alveolar tissue [55]. In cross-sectional studies, smoking has been found to be associated with impaired DLCO [56,57]. Changes in DLCO/alveolar volume (VA) associated with stop smoking are considerably larger than can be explained by carbon monoxide back pressure, indicating that mechanisms other than irreversible increase in the size of terminal air spaces underlie these lower values in smokers [57].…”

Section: The Airflow Tunnel Viewmentioning

confidence: 99%

COPD Diagnosis: Time for Disruption

Wouters

Breyer

Breyer‐Kohansal

et al. 2021

JCM

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Articulating a satisfactory definition of a disease is surprisingly difficult. Despite the alarming individual, societal and economic burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), diagnosis is still largely based on a physiologically dominated disease conception, with spirometrically determined airflow limitation as a cardinal feature of the disease. The diagnostic inaccuracy and insensitivity of this physiological disease definition is reviewed considering scientific developments of imaging of the respiratory system in particular. Disease must be approached as a fluid concept in response to new scientific and medical discoveries, but labelling as well as mislabelling someone as diseased, will have enormous individual, social and financial implications. Nosology of COPD urgently needs to dynamically integrate more sensitive diagnostic procedures to detect the breadth of abnormalities early in the disease process. Integration of broader information for the identification of abnormalities in the respiratory system is a cornerstone for research models of underlying pathomechanisms to create a breakthrough in research.

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“…Although spirometry test is the "gold standard" for examining lung function, diffusing capacity is widely used as a supplement in clinical medicine. It has been used in population based and in occupational epidemiological studies (Nogueira et al 2011, Welle et al 1999).…”

Section: Pulmonary Obstructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of occupational exposure to air contaminants in a nitrate fertiliser production plant

et al. 2012

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The aim of this study was to characterise personal exposures to dust, acid vapours, and gases among workers in a Norwegian nitrate fertiliser production plant, as part of an ongoing epidemiological study. In total, 178 inhalable and 179 thoracic aerosol mass fraction samples were collected from randomly chosen workers (N = 141) from three compound fertiliser departments (A, B and C), a calcium nitrate fertiliser production department, nitric acid- and ammonia-production departments, and a shipping department. The overall median inhalable and thoracic aerosol mass concentrations were generally low (1.1 mg m(-3) (min-max: <0.93-45) and 0.21 mg m(-3) (min-max: <0.085-11), respectively). Workers at the compound fertiliser departments B and C had significantly higher inhalable aerosol mass air concentrations compared to the other departments (p < 0.05), except for compound fertiliser department A; however, the difference between the compound fertiliser department C and calcium nitrate department was slightly above the significant level. Workers at the compound fertiliser department A had significantly higher thoracic aerosol mass air concentrations compared to the other departments (p < 0.05), except for compound fertiliser departments B and C. The results indicate that the extrathoracic aerosol fraction of the aerosol compared to the thoracic fraction dominated in most departments. Measurement of the main constituents Ca, K, Mg, and P in the water-soluble and water-insoluble aerosol mass fractions showed that the air concentrations of these elements were low. There is, however, a shift towards more water-soluble species as the production goes from raw material with phosphate rock towards the final product of fertilisers. Overall, the arithmetic mean of water-soluble Ca in the thoracic mass fraction was 51% (min-max: 1-100). A total of 169 personal samples were analysed for HNO(3) vapour and HF. The highest median concentration of HNO(3) (0.63 mg m(-3)) was in the compound fertiliser departments B, and all measurements but four of the HF concentrations were below the LOD of 190 μg m(-3). Exposures to NH(3), CO and NO(2) were measured using direct-reading electrochemical sensors and the time weighted overall averages were all below the LODs of the respective sensors, NH(3) 2 ppm; CO 2 ppm; and NO(2) 0.2 ppm, but some short-term peaks were detected. Even though our results indicate that the workers may experience peak exposure episodes when performing job tasks such as cleaning or maintenance work, the overall air concentrations are well below what is considered to cause known health risks.

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The single-breath transfer factor for carbon monoxide and respiratory symptoms in a Norwegian community sample

Cited by 11 publications

References 17 publications

Remission of respiratory symptoms by smoking and occupational exposure in a cohort study

Remission of respiratory symptoms by smoking and occupational exposure in a cohort study

COPD Diagnosis: Time for Disruption

Characterisation of occupational exposure to air contaminants in a nitrate fertiliser production plant

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