The simultaneous removal of calcium, magnesium and chloride ions from industrial wastewater using magnesium–aluminum oxide

Hamidi, Roya; Kahforoushan, Davood; Fatehifar, Esmaeil

doi:10.1080/10934529.2013.776855

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The corresponding reaction of exchange is as follows in Eq.4 2ResH + MgCl2 → 2ResMg + 2HCl The maximum percentage removal capacity for Mg ions for On-spec sample, Off-spec sample and waste sample respectively are 74, 70 & 60 %. As per the study findings (Hamidi 2013) shows that maximum removal capacity of Mg ions from industrial waste water sample is 93.74% at after 0.5 hours. This study reveals that increasing the removal of Mg ions while increasing the time, temperature and quantity.…”

Section: Effect Of Varying Time Of Reactionsupporting

confidence: 62%

A Novel Technique for Water Hardness Removal by Using Polystyrene

2018

Aust. J. Basic & Appl. Sci.

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In the year 2006, Egypt generated a total of 16 million tons of municipal solid waste which was predicted to grow at a rate of 3.4 percent year-by-year. Plastics amount reach about 970 thousand MT/year (Ministry of Trade and Industry 2008). The Egyptian Styrene and Polystyrene Production Company '' E-STYRENICS'' is The Only Source for Producing Polystyrene in Egypt. The Company Produces 200,000 MTA Polystyrene. In the study, the usage of waste polystyrene is assessed whether it can remove the water hardness. Polystyrene, a solid or foamed synthetic aromatic polymer which is made from a number of monomer styrene. When it is used for general purposes, it seems to be hard, clear and usually brittle in nature. In terms of resin per unit weight, it is a cheap polymer that do not easily permits oxygen and water vapour inside it. Polystyrenes has relative low melting point (Billmeyer 1984). Polystyrene was first commercially produced by BASF in 1931. The inventors of this mass polymerization process had to resolve two conflicting problems. Heat removal from high-viscosity melts and development of an appropriate workup scheme Heat removal was accomplished by heat-exchange tubes in the polymer melts. Polystyrene was obtained after exit of the melt from a high-temperature polymerization zone, using an extrusion screw. Today's processes are characterized by a fully continuous polymerization with heat removal by evaporation of the styrene and solvent. The main advantage consistent temperature results in a high product quality with a narrow molecular weight distribution and high transparency (Huang 2001). The white coffee cups usually contains waste polystyrene which can be converted to adsorbent through the process of heterogenous sulfonation and in order to confirm its completion, IR technique is used (i.e., Infra-Red technique). Through titration methods, the cation exchange capacity and the degree of sulfonation can be confirmed. In distilled water, Magnesium or Calcium salts are dissolved in order to prepare the hard water. When compared to conventional adsorbent, the hard water is highly purified by the modified polymer (Kaminsky et al 2004). Structurally, polystyrene is considered as a cheap, hard plastic which is nothing, but a phenyl group attached at every carbon atom in the lengthy chain of hydrocarbons. When the styrene undergoes free radical vinyl polymerization, the polystyrene is produced. According to the literature (Hossain and Mehedi 2002) the polystyrene production is highly contributed as packaging materials such as meat trays, cups, trays, plates, bowls and yogurt. Though it is a sad truth that recycling of waste polystyrene occur rarely, it can be recycled throu gh three main ways such as material recycling, chemical recycling and thermal recycling. Polystyrene is an odorless, tasteless, rigid thermoplastic. As in (figure. 1) pure polystyrene has the following structure, which is produced from the polymerization of styrene monomer (Benning 1969). EquationNo.1 shows the polymerization reaction of polystyr...

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Section: Effect Of Varying Time Of Reactionsupporting

confidence: 62%

A Novel Technique for Water Hardness Removal by Using Polystyrene

2018

Aust. J. Basic & Appl. Sci.

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“…Specifically, uranium cationic species were shown to be removed on Mg–Al LDHs through the formation of complexes with the carbonates adsorbed on the LDHs, − although previous studies focused on much higher uranium levels (80 ppb–750 ppm) than observed here. Previous studies also showed that calcined LDH, which releases hydroxide anions during rehydration and reconstruction of the layered structure according to eq , can remove Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ from solution through its reaction with these OH – species and precipitation of Mg(OH) 2 and Ca(OH) 2 . , …”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Previous studies also showed that calcined LDH, which releases hydroxide anions during rehydration and reconstruction of the layered structure according to eq 2, can remove Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ from solution through its reaction with these OH − species and precipitation of Mg(OH) 2 and Ca(OH) 2 . 30,55…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenium Removal from Sulfate-Containing Groundwater Using Granular Layered Double Hydroxide Materials

Farmen²,

Chan

2017

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Due to recent changes in regulatory discharge limits, selenium removal from electric utility wastewaters is becoming an important issue. In this work, Mg–Al–CO3 layered double hydroxide (LDH) in granular form was evaluated for treatment of selenium-containing groundwater in small scale column tests. The LDH material showed good capacity for removing selenate from groundwaters that contained very high levels of sulfate and total dissolved solids. Column tests were investigated using the granular LDH to treat groundwater containing trace levels of selenium <2 ppb. Removal of sulfate using chemical pretreatment of the groundwater resulted in about 3× higher selenium loading onto the granular LDH. The structural changes in the media after exhaustion and analysis of the effluent water from the column test were also studied to better understand the species removed by the LDH. These results show that the LDH is a promising sorbent for removing selenium from wastewaters with high levels of sulfate and background species.

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“…The interactions of these compounds may mutually enhance or mutually inhibit adsorption capacity. Recently, simultaneous adsorption of various organic and inorganic pollutants has increasingly attracted attention [18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional activated carbon/chitosan composite preparation and its simultaneous adsorption of phenol and Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions

Huang

Yang²,

Liu

et al. 2013

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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The simultaneous adsorption of phenol and Cr(VI) from aqueous solution onto this activated carbon/chitosan composite was investigated. This composite almost removes phenol and Cr(VI) simultaneously in a pH range of 2–5. The removals of phenol and Cr(VI) reached up to 95% when phenol and Cr(VI) concentrations were less than 50 mg/L and 200 mg/L, respectively. The presence of phenol reduced Cr(VI) adsorption, while the presence of Cr(VI) had no evident effect on phenol adsorption. The adsorption for both Cr(VI) and phenol followed pseudo‐second‐order kinetics in single or mixedsystems. © 2013 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 33: 814–823, 2014

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The simultaneous removal of calcium, magnesium and chloride ions from industrial wastewater using magnesium–aluminum oxide

Cited by 12 publications

References 26 publications

A Novel Technique for Water Hardness Removal by Using Polystyrene

A Novel Technique for Water Hardness Removal by Using Polystyrene

Selenium Removal from Sulfate-Containing Groundwater Using Granular Layered Double Hydroxide Materials

Multifunctional activated carbon/chitosan composite preparation and its simultaneous adsorption of phenol and Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions

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