“…One is the removal of heavy metals, such as As 5+ (Driehaus, Seith, & Jekel, ; Hou et al., ), Pb 2+ (Chen et al., ; Wan et al., ; Wang et al., ), and Cr 6+ (Landrot, Gindervogel, Livi, Fitts, & Sparks, ; Tang, Webb, Estes, & Hansel, ), and the other is to remove the organic matters, for example, phenols (Selig, Keinath, & Weber, ; Ulrich & Stone, ), anilines (Laha & Luthy, ; Park, Dec, Kim, & Bollag, ), low‐molecular‐weight acids (Xyla et al., ), and pesticide (Šťastný et al., ). Our previous research has found that MnO x film coated on silica sands in aerobic filter had strong catalytic activity for ammonium removal (Cheng, Huang, Sun, & Shi, ; Guo, Huang, Wen, & Cao, ; Zhang, Huang, et al., ). However, the removal of ammonium in the MnO x ‐based filter has been conventionally believed to be purely by the ammonia‐oxidizing bacteria.…”