The similarities and differences in impulsivity and cognitive ability among ketamine, methadone, and non-drug users

Hong, Zhao; Dequan, SU; Jiang, Xing; Zhu, Liang; Hao-sheng, YE

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2016.04.095

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Stimulant users are more impulsive than healthy control subjects, and show a negative correlation between impulsivity and striatal D2-type receptor availability (e.g., [33,34]). Conversely, cognitive control, measured in tests of motor response inhibition [35–37] and cognitive flexibility [38,39], show weaknesses in substance abusers, and positive correlations of striatal D2-type receptor availability with performance on relevant tests in healthy controls is disrupted in stimulant users [40,41]. …”

Section: Dopamine Signaling Cognition and Responses To Drugs: Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Addiction and dopamine: sex differences and insights from studies of smoking

Petersen

London

2018

Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences

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Mesolimbic dopaminergic function influences addiction through effects on reinforcement learning, decision-making, and impulsivity. This review covers sex differences in dopaminergic neurochemistry, their hormonal and genetic determinants, and how differences in dopaminergic tone interact with sex and/or ovarian hormone status to affect cognitive functions. Findings from research on cigarette smoking reveal sex differences in striatal and midbrain dopamine D2-type receptor availability and striatal dopamine release that suggest mechanisms of nicotine dependence, and stronger subjective responses to nicotine and efficacy of nicotine replacement therapies in male smokers than in their female counterparts. Opportunities exist to extend such efforts in studies of how sex and hormone status influence other addictions.

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Section: Dopamine Signaling Cognition and Responses To Drugs: Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Addiction and dopamine: sex differences and insights from studies of smoking

Petersen

London

2018

Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences

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“…Methadone is prescribed as a treatment for heavy pain and is, in many countries, part of the opioid maintenance program for the treatment of heroin addiction. However, several studies indicate that long-term use of methadone reduces cognitive function [ 14 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ]. Impaired cognitive function was also seen in children born from mothers who participated in an opioid maintenance program [ 37 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Protective and Restorative Effects of Growth Hormone and Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 on Methadone-Induced Toxicity In Vitro

Nylander

Zelleroth

Nyberg

et al. 2018

IJMS

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Evidence to date suggests that opioids such as methadone may be associated with cognitive impairment. Growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) are suggested to be neuroprotective and procognitive in the brain and may therefore counteract these effects. This study aims to explore the protective and restorative effects of GH and IGF-1 in methadone-treated cell cultures. Primary cortical cell cultures were harvested from rat fetuses and grown for seven days in vitro. To examine the protective effects, methadone was co-treated with or without GH or IGF-1 for three consecutive days. To examine the restorative effects, methadone was added for the first 24 h, washed, and later treated with GH or IGF-1 for 48 h. At the end of each experiment, mitochondrial function and membrane integrity were evaluated. The results revealed that GH had protective effects in the membrane integrity assay and that both GH and IGF-1 effectively recovered mitochondrial function and membrane integrity in cells pretreated with methadone. The overall conclusion of the present study is that GH, but not IGF-1, protects primary cortical cells against methadone-induced toxicity, and that both GH and IGF-1 have a restorative effect on cells pretreated with methadone.

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“…Working memory (letter number sequencing) was also worse in those in methadone maintenance therapy (mean duration of treatment: 38.66 months; mean dose of methadone: 83.82 mg/day) compared to abstinent heroin abusers although this difference only approached significance (132). Methadone users (mean duration of treatment: 41.48 months) also had significantly worse working memory (2-back task) compared to healthy controls (133). While in another study using a within-subject design working memory (n-back task and modified Sternberg task) was assessed in methadone-maintained patients (mean duration of treatment: 48.9 months; mean dose of methadone: 97.5 mg/day) at approximately 120 min and 26 h after dosing (to coincide with peak and trough methadone concentrations).…”

Section: Pharmacotherapies For Opioid Use Disordermentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Two studies (described above) assessed the effects of methadone maintenance therapy on inhibitory control (132, 133). These studies found that methadone maintenance was associated with poorer inhibitory control (five-digit test) compared to abstinent heroin abusers (132) and poorer inhibitory control (stop-signal task) when compared to healthy controls (133). In another study however, no correlations between dose or duration of methadone maintenance therapy were found in patients where the mean duration of treatment was 8.6 years and the mean dose was 124.2 mg/day (137).…”

Section: Pharmacotherapies For Opioid Use Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Substance Use Disorder Pharmacotherapy on Executive Function: A Narrative Review

Butler

Foll

2019

Front. Psychiatry

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Substance use disorders are chronic, relapsing, and harmful conditions characterized by executive dysfunction. While there are currently no approved pharmacotherapy options for stimulant and cannabis use disorders, there are several evidence-based options available to help reduce symptoms during detoxification and aid long-term cessation for those with tobacco, alcohol and opioid use disorders. While these medication options have shown clinical efficacy, less is known regarding their potential to enhance executive function. This narrative review aims to provide a brief overview of research that has investigated whether commonly used pharmacotherapies for these substance use disorders (nicotine, bupropion, varenicline, disulfiram, acamprosate, nalmefene, naltrexone, methadone, buprenorphine, and lofexidine) effect three core executive function components (working memory, inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility). While pharmacotherapy-induced enhancement of executive function may improve cessation outcomes in dependent populations, there are limited and inconsistent findings regarding the effects of these medications on executive function. We discuss possible reasons for the mixed findings and suggest some future avenues of work that may enhance the understanding of addiction pharmacotherapy and cognitive training interventions and lead to improved patient outcomes.

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The similarities and differences in impulsivity and cognitive ability among ketamine, methadone, and non-drug users

Cited by 23 publications

References 27 publications

Addiction and dopamine: sex differences and insights from studies of smoking

Addiction and dopamine: sex differences and insights from studies of smoking

The Protective and Restorative Effects of Growth Hormone and Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 on Methadone-Induced Toxicity In Vitro

Impact of Substance Use Disorder Pharmacotherapy on Executive Function: A Narrative Review

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