The Silent Revolution: A New Perspective on the Emergence of Commons, Guilds, and Other Forms of Corporate Collective Action in Western Europe

Moor, Tine De

doi:10.1017/s0020859008003660

Cited by 100 publications

(71 citation statements)

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“…However, the Community institutions, although heavily modified, survived. This element seems to confirm the hypothesis advanced by Daniel Curtis and reaffirmed by José Serrano Alvarez that the survival of the common pool institutions did not presuppose the presence of a tolerant state (De Moor 2008;Curtis 2013;Serrano Alvarez 2014). However, if we move our attention from legislation and official regulations to their practical application at the local level, something different emerges: the incapacity of State authorities to impose the end of these ancient customs or, rather, the capacity of the local population to take advantage of the room to act granted by the new Austrian legislation and to constantly negotiate the applications of the new rules and regulations at the local level.…”

supporting

confidence: 81%

“…More recently, the relationships between states and common institutions have been the subject of debate between Tine de Moor, who considered the presence of a 'tolerant state' as a necessary condition to make collective action possible, and Daniel Curtis and José Serrano Alvarez, who contradict this hypothesis (De Moor 2008;Curtis 2013;Serrano Alvarez 2014). Regarding the role of the state in the resilience of common institutions, one should be aware that commoners did not form a homogeneous group (De Moor 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The communities and the comuni: The implementation of administrative reforms in the Fiemme Valley (Trentino, Italy) during the first half of the 19th century

Bonan

2016

Int J Commons

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This paper examines transformations in the common management of lands in a valley of the Trentino Alps during the process of Austro-Hungarian state centralization in the first half of 19th century. The main aspects of this process involved an administrative transformation that led to the abolition of all legal and institutional competences of the rural communities and their replacement with modern municipal corporations, and new forest legislation. The hypothesis proposed here is that state intervention did not cause the end of common institutions, but instead caused a general redefinition of who could use these lands and how these lands could be used. These transformations were not simple top-down impositions, but the results of conflicts and negotiations within local communities and between them and the central government.

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supporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The communities and the comuni: The implementation of administrative reforms in the Fiemme Valley (Trentino, Italy) during the first half of the 19th century

Bonan

2016

Int J Commons

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“…The spread of commons and other forms of collective action was more rapid in Europe than elsewhere (De Moor 2008). Even if in the last centuries common property has faced a number of challenges, many natural or man-made resources are still managed in common and are still essential for the welfare of humans and all other living beings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They still maintain some of their traditional significance and new important uses have been found for them, such as the provision of environmental and leisure services (Bravo and De Moor 2008). According to De Moor (2008), commons "were adequate answers to the economic and social needs of contemporary northwestern European society in response to a quickly but far from fully developed market economy and social networks becoming inadequate as family networks weakened". Even if fluctuations and changes have occurred over the centuries, many regions in Europe are currently witnessing a revival of bottom-up collective action by citizens who prefer the self-governance of their resources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common property organisations as actors in rural development: a case study of a mountain area in Italy

2016

International Journal of the Commons

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Abstract:The Consorzi Vicinali are common property organisations (CPOs) located in a mountain area of Friuli Venezia Giulia region, in North East Italy. These CPOs have a long history of mutual assistance and collective use and management of local resources, thus contributing to a balanced development of the local community and territory. This research is aimed at investigating whether these historical CPOs still have a relevant role to play in the development of local rural areas, and how they deal with the present needs and opportunities of these areas. Specifically, the robustness and viability of these organisations were analysed. The survey revealed some strengths and weaknesses of the Consorzi Vicinali. According to Ostrom's design principles, the robustness is quite high. Nevertheless, this ability to maintain some desired characteristics despite internal and external fluctuations does not always match with a high viability, in terms of natural resource management, internal participation, creation of job opportunities especially for young people, and capacity to attract financial support. In fact, some Consorzi still act effectively in terms of the collective stewardship of rural resources. Whereas, others have the potential to adapt to new challenges and emerging needs, due to the deep rootedness and the sense of belonging of the local community to its territory. These are the strengths of all the Consorzi. The robustness and viability analyses used in a complementary way have been effective here in giving a more comprehensive description of CPOs and their (potential) role in rural development. 364Ivana Bassi and Nadia Carestiato

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“…Such institutions, of course, have a very long history, substantially pre-dating the emergence of technocratic public regulatory agencies. For centuries, European guilds and professional societies set the terms of market activity in specific sectors (De Moor, 2008). As countries industrialized in the nineteenth-and early twentieth-centuries, leaders in many economic sectors invented new forms of self-regulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

American Better Business Bureaus, the Truth-in-Advertising Movement, and the Complexities of Legitimizing Business Self-Regulation over the Long Term

Balleisen

2017

PaG

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This essay considers the question of how strategies of legitimatizing private regulatory governance evolve over the long term. It focuses on the century-long history of the American Better Business Bureau (BBB) network, a linked set of businessfunded non-governmental organizations devoted to promoting truthful marketing. The BBBs took on important roles in standard-setting, monitoring, public education, and enforcement, despite never enjoying explicit delegation of authority from Congress or state legislatures. This effort depended on building legitimacy with three separate groups with very different perspectives and interests-the business community, a fractured American state, and the American public, in their roles as consumers and investors. The BBBs initially managed to build a strong reputation with each constituency during its founding period, from 1912 to 1933. The Bureaus then in many ways adapted successfully to the emergence of a more assertive regulatory state from the New Deal through the mid 1970s. Eventually, however, the resurgence of conservative politics in the United States exposed the challenges of satisfying such divergent stakeholders, and led the BBBs to focus resolutely on shoring up its support from the business establishment. That choice, over time, undercut the Bureaus standing with other stakeholders, and especially the wider public. This history illustrates: the salience of generational amnesia within private regulatory institutions; the profound impact that the shifting nature of public faith in government can have on the strategies and reputation of private regulatory bodies; and the extent to which private regulators face long-term trade-offs among strategies to sustain legitimacy with different audiences. It also suggests a rich set of research questions for longer-term histories of other private regulatory institutions, in the United States, other societies, and at the international level.

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The Silent Revolution: A New Perspective on the Emergence of Commons, Guilds, and Other Forms of Corporate Collective Action in Western Europe

Cited by 100 publications

References 1 publication

The communities and the comuni: The implementation of administrative reforms in the Fiemme Valley (Trentino, Italy) during the first half of the 19th century

The communities and the comuni: The implementation of administrative reforms in the Fiemme Valley (Trentino, Italy) during the first half of the 19th century

Common property organisations as actors in rural development: a case study of a mountain area in Italy

American Better Business Bureaus, the Truth-in-Advertising Movement, and the Complexities of Legitimizing Business Self-Regulation over the Long Term

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