The silent HIV epidemic among pregnant women within rural Northern Tanzania

Yahya-Malima, Khadija I.; Olsen, Bjørg Evjen; Matee, Mecky; Fýlkesnes, Knut

doi:10.1186/1471-2458-6-109

Cited by 24 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…Figures from 2009 estimate a prevalence of 5.6% among adults (aged 15-49) at a national level (UNAIDS, 2010) in Tanzania, compared to a prevalence of 8.8% in 2003(UNAIDS et al, 2004. In the study area the HIV prevalence is lower and has been estimated to be 2% among women and men aged 15-49 (TACAIDS, 2005), confirmed by the study of Yahya-Malima et al (2006) among antenatal clinic attendees.…”

Section: Study Contextmentioning

confidence: 68%

Rethinking nursing care: An ethnographic approach to nurse–patient interaction in the context of a HIV prevention programme in rural Tanzania

Våga

Moland

Evjen-Olsen

et al. 2013

International Journal of Nursing Studies

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Section: Study Contextmentioning

confidence: 68%

Rethinking nursing care: An ethnographic approach to nurse–patient interaction in the context of a HIV prevention programme in rural Tanzania

Våga

Moland

Evjen-Olsen

et al. 2013

International Journal of Nursing Studies

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“…A population of replacement blood donors was studied in order to avoid the numerous biases inherent in studies of voluntary blood donors [Sedyaningsih-Mamahit et al, 2004]. As previously reported [Yahya-Malima et al, 2006], high educational status was over-represented among voluntary donors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…However, several studies [Chilundo and Sahay, 2005;Goncalez et al, 2006] have shown that the voluntary donor population provides a biased view of the epidemiological situation, owing to explicit or implicit selection criteria that tend to eliminate those who are ill or at risk; indeed, low-risk groups are selected in order to improve transfusion safety. Among volunteer donors, individuals with high sociocultural status and urban dwellers both tend to be over-represented, while rural populations are under-represented [Yahya-Malima et al, 2006]. ''Replacement donors'' contribute largely to the transfusion system in Mozambique, and are used to palliate the lack of blood products.…”

Section: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (Hiv) Hepatitis B Virus (Hbv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of replacement blood donors to study the epidemiology of major blood‐borne viruses in the general population of Maputo, Mozambique

Cunha

Plouzeau

Ingrand

et al. 2007

Journal of Medical Virology

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The seroprevalence rates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus (HTLV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis D virus (HDV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) in Mozambique are poorly documented. The epidemiology of these infections was studied in the Maputo region. All donors attending the blood bank during the study period were interviewed and underwent serological and molecular tests for markers of virus exposure. Thus, 1,578 consecutive replacement blood donors were investigated, as they undergo no selection (other than their relation with a patient needing a transfusion), and may thus provide reliable estimates of the prevalence rates in the general population. The age-standardized prevalence rates among 15- to 49-year-old men and women were, respectively, 12.3 and 15.4% for HIV and 0.9 and 1.2% for HTLV. Low educational status (P = 0.014) and tattooing/scarification (P = 0.023) were predictive of HIV infection in multivariate analysis. The age-adjusted prevalence rates of markers of hepatotropic virus among men and women were, respectively, 10.6 and 4.5% for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), 1.2 and 1.0% for anti-HCV, and 0 and 0% for anti-HDV. Two percent of donors had viral co-infections, involving most frequently the combination of HIV and HBsAg +. A significant association was found between anti-HIV and anti-HBc (P = 0.012). HBsAg was associated with the place of birth (P = 0.011) and a history of transfusion (P = 0.069). Smokers had higher seroprevalence rates than nonsmokers for HIV (P < 0.0001) and HBsAg (P = 0.045). Genotype A was the most frequent HBV genotype (86.3%) followed by E and D. HCV genotypes were 1a, 1b, 3a, and 5a. These results show that HBV vaccination and HIV-preventive measures need to be reinforced in Mozambique.

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“…In India, HIV prevalence found in a populationbased study was much lower than that obtained through a sentinel study of prenatal clinics [11]. On the other hand, incomplete coverage of the sentinel network in African countries, which fail to reach rural and remote areas, can underestimate HIV prevalence in these countries [12].…”

mentioning

confidence: 79%

HIV testing during pregnancy: use of secondary data to estimate 2006 test coverage and prevalence in Brazil

Cl¹,

A²,

Pr³

et al. 2008

Braz J Infect Dis

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This paper describes a methodological proposal based on secondary data and the main results of the HIV-Sentinel Study among childbearing women, carried out in Brazil during 2006. A probabilistic sample of childbearing women was selected in two stages. In the first stage, 150 health establishments were selected, stratified by municipality size (<50,000; 50,000-399,999; 400,000+). In the second stage, 100-120 women were selected systematically. Data collection was based on HIV-test results registered in pre-natal cards and in hospital records. The analysis focused on coverage of HIV-testing during pregnancy and HIV prevalence rate. Logistic regression models were used to test inequalities in HIV-testing coverage during pregnancy by macro-region of residence, municipality size, race, educational level and age group. The study included 16,158 women. Results were consistent with previous studies based on primary data collection. Among the women receiving pre-natal care with HIV-test results registered in their pre-natal cards, HIV prevalence was 0.41%. Coverage of HIV-testing during pregnancy was 62.3% in the country as a whole, but ranged from 40.6% in the Northeast to 85.8% in the South. Significant differences according to race, educational level and municipality size were also found. The proposed methodology is low-cost, easy to apply, and permits identification of problems in routine service provision, in addition to monitoring compliance with Ministry of Health recommendations for pre-natal care.

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The silent HIV epidemic among pregnant women within rural Northern Tanzania

Cited by 24 publications

References 28 publications

Rethinking nursing care: An ethnographic approach to nurse–patient interaction in the context of a HIV prevention programme in rural Tanzania

Rethinking nursing care: An ethnographic approach to nurse–patient interaction in the context of a HIV prevention programme in rural Tanzania

Use of replacement blood donors to study the epidemiology of major blood‐borne viruses in the general population of Maputo, Mozambique

HIV testing during pregnancy: use of secondary data to estimate 2006 test coverage and prevalence in Brazil

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