The significance of the human corpus luteum in pregnancy maintenance

Csapo, A.I.; Pulkkinen, M.O.; Ruttner, B.; Sauvage, J. P.; Wiest, Walter G.

doi:10.1016/0002-9378(72)90181-0

Cited by 341 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…According to this hypothesis, the presently undefined autoimmunity is the blocking TSH receptor autoantibodies (TSHRabblocking), not infrequently detected in Hashimoto's thyroiditis (35), which could putatively inhibit, through a cross-reactivity process (34), the action of the human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) on the corpus luteum. This inhibition could lead to a decrease in progesterone and estrogen production that is essential for the support and maintenance of pregnancy during the first trimester (36). Unfortunately, neither TSHRab nor progesterone levels were reported in the studies included in the systematic review.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of spontaneous miscarriage in euthyroid women with thyroid autoimmunity undergoing IVF: a meta-analysis

Toulis¹,

Goulis²,

Venetis³

et al. 2010

European Journal of Endocrinology

145

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Objective: To investigate whether thyroid autoimmunity (TAI) is associated with increased risk for spontaneous miscarriage in subfertile, euthyroid women undergoing IVF. Design: Meta-analysis of observational studies. Patient(s): Four prospective studies that reported data on 1098 subfertile women undergoing IVF (141 with TAI and 957 controls) were included in the meta-analysis. Main outcome measure: Miscarriage risk ratio (RR). Secondary outcome measures: Clinical pregnancy rate and delivery rate. Result(s): Euthyroid, subfertile women with TAI undergoing IVF demonstrated significantly higher risk for miscarriage compared with controls (four studies-fixed effects RR: 1.99, 95% confidence interval: 1.42-2.79, P!0.001). No significant difference in clinical pregnancy and delivery rates was detected between groups. Conclusion: Based on the currently available evidence, it appears that the presence of TAI is associated with an increased risk for spontaneous miscarriage in subfertile women achieving a pregnancy through an IVF procedure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of spontaneous miscarriage in euthyroid women with thyroid autoimmunity undergoing IVF: a meta-analysis

Toulis¹,

Goulis²,

Venetis³

et al. 2010

European Journal of Endocrinology

145

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“…Resection of the corpus luteum before 7 to 8 weeks' menstrual age has been shown to result in pregnancy loss. 1 With the advent of transvaginal gray scale and Doppler sonography, the corpus luteum can be evaluated noninvasively.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sonographic and Doppler characteristics of the corpus luteum: can they predict pregnancy outcome?

Frates

Doubilet

Durfee

et al. 2001

J of Ultrasound Medicine

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Objective. To determine whether there is a relationship between gray scale or Doppler characteristics of the corpus luteum and first-trimester pregnancy outcome. Methods. We conducted a prospective study of patients with spontaneous singleton pregnancies between 5 and 8 weeks' gestation. The corpus luteum size, sonographic appearance, resistive index, and peak systolic velocity were measured on transvaginal sonography. Maternal use of exogeneous progesterone was recorded. Only patients with known first-trimester outcome were included. Results. There were 201 study patients. The corpus luteum could be visualized in 197 (98%) and had a mean ± SD size of 1.9 ± 0.6 cm, a mean resistive index of 0.50 ± 0.08, and a peak systolic velocity of 20.5 ± 11.2 cm/s. There were 151 first-trimester survivors (75.1%) and 50 spontaneous losses (24.9%). In a comparison of the survivors and losses, there was no significant difference in mean corpus luteum size (1.9 versus 1.7 cm; P = .10, t test), mean resistive index (0.50 versus 0.50; P = .71, t test), peak systolic velocity (21 versus 19 cm/s; P = .29, t test), or sonographic appearance (P = .78, χ 2 test). The lack of association between corpus luteum characteristics and outcome persisted when cases were stratified by progesterone use and the presence or absence of a heartbeat on the study sonogram. Conclusion. There is no apparent relationship between the characteristics of the corpus luteum and first-trimester pregnancy outcome. Key words: pregnancy, sonography; ovary; corpus luteum; outcome, first trimester. he corpus luteum forms in the ovary after ovulation and has the critical role of progesterone production in early pregnancy. Resection of the corpus luteum before 7 to 8 weeks' menstrual age has been shown to result in pregnancy loss. Received December 19, 2000, from the Division of Ultrasound, Department of Radiology (M.C.F., P.M.D., S.M.D., D.N.D.S., F.C.L., D.L.B., C.B.B.), and1 With the advent of transvaginal gray scale and Doppler sonography, the corpus luteum can be evaluated noninvasively.Several recent studies have evaluated the sonographic and Doppler characteristics of the corpus luteum.2-9 In particular, the blood flow characteristics have been well defined. The corpus luteum is a very vascular structure, with peripheral flow easily identified on color Doppler sonography. This flow persists throughout the first trimester and is present in normal as well as abnormal gestations. 4,5,8 A higher resistive index (RI) has been reported in both anembryonic gestations and cases of fetal death compared with normal pregnancies. 6,7 In a

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“…It is then gradually taken over by the placenta 9 . The placenta is the only source of P and E after the 7 th week of pregnancy 10 . Since the start of ART it is obvious that the luteal phase is insufficient in AR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaginal use of micronized progesterone for luteal support.A randomized study comparing Utrogestan® and Crinone® 8%

Michnová

Dostál²,

Kudela³

et al. 2017

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub

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Background and Objective. Luteal phase physiology is distorted by in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles using gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists and antagonists, Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation leads to luteal phase defect and for this reason, luteal phase support is now an integral part of IVF/ICSI-ET programs. The support is provided by hCG, progesterone or GnRH-a. This study compared the efficiency, safety and tolerance of two vaginal micronized progesterones, Utrogestan and Crinone 8%. Methods. 111 women, 18-40 years old, FSH < 10 IU/L and normal uterus findings were included. The efficiency of the two preparations to provide luteal support was evaluated by the fertilization, implantation, pregnancy and take-home baby rates. The safety was compared through the results of vaginal findings and vaginal inflammation markers before and after treatment. Comparison of tolerance was made by evaluating 21 subjective patient questionnaire parameters.Results. There were no significant differences between the preparations in terms of efficiency or safety though Crinone 8% was better tolerated. Conclusion. The outcomes of this study suggest that a vaginal gel with micronized progesterone (Crinone 8%) is the optimal choice at this time for luteal support.

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The significance of the human corpus luteum in pregnancy maintenance

Cited by 341 publications

References 9 publications

Risk of spontaneous miscarriage in euthyroid women with thyroid autoimmunity undergoing IVF: a meta-analysis

Risk of spontaneous miscarriage in euthyroid women with thyroid autoimmunity undergoing IVF: a meta-analysis

Sonographic and Doppler characteristics of the corpus luteum: can they predict pregnancy outcome?

Vaginal use of micronized progesterone for luteal support.A randomized study comparing Utrogestan® and Crinone® 8%

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