The significance of T suppressor cells in the development of autoimmunity

Tomer, Yaron; Shoenfeld, Yehuda

doi:10.1016/0896-8411(89)90002-4

Cited by 31 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…This is supported by results of some itivestigations of imtnutie functioti in OLP und the reported associatioti of OLP with known autoimmune diseases which iti general follow a similar protracted course. It is getierally accepted that T cell-tnediated suppression plays a central role in the maintenance of self tolerance (I 7) and that a defect in T-suppressor circuits is implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases (18). Suppressor T cells control the course and size of specific cell-tnediated immune reactitms by modulation of T cell responses including helper cell activity, delayed-type hypersensitivity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic and functional analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes in oral lichen planus

Sugerman¹,

Voltz²,

Savage³

et al. 1992

J Oral Pathology Medicine

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To assess cellular immunity in oral lichen planus (OLP), peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were obtained from 19 OLP patients and 30 control subjects. The proportions of circulating CD45RA+ and CD29+ lymphocyte subsets were determined. The proliferative activity of PBMC to the non-specific plant mitogens phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and concanavalin A (Con A) was examined together with the spontaneous proliferative response and the response in the autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction (AMLR). In the OLP group, the proportion of CD4+ CD45RA+ T lymphocytes was significantly less than control subjects and the proportion of CD4+ CD29+ T lymphocytes was increased significantly. The proliferative response to PHA was similar in OLP and controls subjects. Con A-stimulated PBMC proliferation was decreased significantly in the OLP group. Spontaneous PBMC proliferation in patients with non-reticular lesions was significantly less than control subjects. Despite a mildly depressed response in the AMLR in OLP patients, this result was not statistically significant. Results of the phenotypic analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes indicate a decreased proportion of naive T cells and an increased proportion of primed memory T cells, although the antigen specificity of these memory cells remains to be determined. Results of the functional assays would seem to reflect this phenotypic shift, and as T cells responding to Con A stimulation and in the AMLR possess suppressor-inducer activity, these results may also suggest an association between OLP and defective innate T cell-mediated suppressor circuits.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic and functional analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes in oral lichen planus

Sugerman¹,

Voltz²,

Savage³

et al. 1992

J Oral Pathology Medicine

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“…Although a complete understanding of the molecular basis of suppression has not been currently achieved, Ts mechanisms are widespread in autoimmune model systems and in the regulation of autoimmune diseases (26). Suppressor cells specifically induced by a variety of antigens have been described, including the acetylcholine receptor, rheumatoid factor, DNA, thyroglobulin, myelin basic protein, liver-derived lipoprotein complex, islet cell antigen, guanosine, pneumococcal polysaccharide, and others (25). Indeed, T cell vaccination, the use of attenuated autoimmune effector T cells to stimulate and augment antiidiotypic control mechanisms, has the ability to restore the regulatory powers of the immunological homunculus by strengthening the connection between autoimmune effector cells and regulatory cells in the natural network (28).…”

Section: Regulatory Importance Of Tsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Sálgame et al (6) speculate that Ts cells are activated by specific antigen in an HLA-DQ specific fashion and exert their biological activity on CD4+ cells in an antigen-independent manner. There is considerable evidence that such cells might well be involved in various autoimmune disease states (22)(23)(24)(25). Indeed, it has been suggested that clonal anergy is dependent on CD8+ cells, and such immunoregulatory cells may be important in autoimmune disease (27).…”

Section: Regulatory Importance Of Tsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppressor T Lymphocyte Dysfunction Is Important in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Thyroid Disease: A Perspective

Volpé¹

1993

Thyroid

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Over the past decade, there was considerable scepticism regarding the existence, nature, and function of suppressor T (Ts) lymphocytes, particularly antigen-specific Ts lymphocytes. The receptors of putative antigen-specific murine Ts hybrids revealed that most either lacked the T cell receptor beta (TCR beta) chain or had failed to properly rearrange them and thus could not make a functional receptor. Moreover, studies of the DNA of sequences of the MHC I-J region (considered an important determinant for suppression) fail to show evidence for a unique open reading frame capable of encoding the I-J restriction element. In addition, no molecular basis for suppression had been characterized. These criticisms have now been satisfactorily resolved and the pendulum is swinging in favor of participation by antigen-specific Ts lymphocytes in immune tolerance. Ts lymphocytes have now been cloned and cell lines have been found to be idiotypic-specific. Indeed, specific Ts lymphocytes in the periphery have been shown to prevent the appearance of autoreactivity. It is, therefore, legitimate to consider their control as part of the mechanisms of maintaining the integrity of the immune system. Moreover, all human primary Ts clones and the majority of murine Ts clones have now been shown to rearrange TCR alpha beta. Ts lymphocytes are induced by antigen via antigen-presenting cells (APCs), and may do so in the context of MHC class II antigens, a concept not previously accepted. Moreover, there is now considerable evidence that such cells many well be involved in various autoimmune disease states.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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“…The lytic mechanism involves the release of cytotoxic granules containing perforin and serine proteases (granzymes) on activation of the cell through its receptor (34). This same subset of cells also demonstrates suppressor functions, although the concept of suppressor cells has become controversial (35,36). Suppressor functions may be revealed in vitro by the induction of inhibition of plasma cell immunoglobulin secretion or the direct inhibition of helper cells themselves.…”

Section: Suppressor/cytolytic Cells (Cd8+)mentioning

confidence: 99%

T Cells and Human Autoimmune Thyroid Disease: Emerging Data Show Lack of Need to Invoke Suppressor T Cell Problems

Martin¹,

Davies²

1992

Thyroid

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Human T cells recognize self and foreign antigens when such antigens are processed into small peptides and bound to molecules coded for by genes of the HLA region on chromosome 6. The part of the T-cell surface which is responsible for such recognition is a set of molecules coded for by a variety of genes and known as the T-cell-receptor complex. In animal models, T cells are able to transfer autoimmune thyroiditis and T cells have, therefore, long been implicated in the etiology of human autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). Information gained from the study of intrathyroidal T cells and thyroid antigen-specific T-cell clones has shown that in patients with Graves' disease, mainly helper T-cell clones have been obtained, whereas in autoimmune (Hashimoto's) thyroiditis cytolytic T-cell clones may be predominant. Such thyroid antigen-specific T cells have now been shown to recognize one or other of the three major thyroid-specific antigens; thyroglobulin, thyroid peroxidase, or the TSH receptor and efforts are currently in progress to characterize the T-cell epitopes of these major thyroid autoantigens. Recent findings of restricted T-cell receptor V gene use amongst intrathyroidal T cells confirm the primary role of T cells in human thyroid autoimmune processes leading to AITD. However, the mechanisms whereby such autoreactive T cells escape deletion and anergy, and how they become activated, remain uncertain. There is compelling evidence that the thyroid cell itself, by expressing HLA molecules, and presenting antigen directly to the T cells, may initiate disease, perhaps after an external insult.

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The significance of T suppressor cells in the development of autoimmunity

Cited by 31 publications

References 107 publications

Phenotypic and functional analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes in oral lichen planus

Phenotypic and functional analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes in oral lichen planus

Suppressor T Lymphocyte Dysfunction Is Important in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Thyroid Disease: A Perspective

T Cells and Human Autoimmune Thyroid Disease: Emerging Data Show Lack of Need to Invoke Suppressor T Cell Problems

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