The Significance of Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidant Defense System in Plants: A Concise Overview

Dumanović, J.; Nepovimová, Eugenie; Natić, Maja; Kuča, Kamil; Jacević, Vesna

doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.552969

Cited by 476 publications

(361 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…As already mentioned, abiotic stress is associated with increased ROS production that generates oxidative stress (Das and Roychoudhury 2014;Dumanović et al 2021). In our experiments, no significant changes in MDA levels were observed in the stressed plants, except for a slight (but significant) increase in plants of L. albuferae subjected to water stress; H 2 O 2 levels even decreased in comparison to the non-stressed controls.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

“…One is represented by non-enzymatic antioxidants, including phenolic compounds, especially the subclass of flavonoids, carotenoids, ascorbic acid, or glutathione. To the second category belong antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) (and other peroxidases), or glutathione reductase (GR), which are activated in conditions of oxidative stress (Dumanović et al 2021;Ozgur et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multidisciplinary studies supporting conservation programmes of two rare, endangered Limonium species from Spain

et al. 2021

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Background and aims Two local threatened endemics from Valencian salt marshes were analysed from a multidisciplinary perspective combining field studies with experiments performed under greenhouse-controlled conditions. The work aimed to investigate the habitat of the two species but also to explore their limits of tolerance to severe drought and salinity and the mechanisms behind their stress responses. Methods The number of individuals in several populations, climatic conditions, soil characteristics and accompanying vegetation in the natural habitats were analysed in the field study. Plants obtained by seed germination were grown in the greenhouse and subjected to one month of water and salt stress treatments. Growth and biochemical parameters were analysed after the treatments were finalised. Results No correlation between climatic parameters and the number of individuals censed of the two Limonium species could be established. Although L. dufourii was found in more saline soils in the natural habitats, under controlled greenhouse conditions, this species was more severely affected by salt treatment than L. albuferae, which is more susceptible to water stress. A common biochemical response was the increase of proline under all stress treatments, but mostly in water-stressed plants. Oxidative stress markers, MDA and H2O2, did not indicate significant differences between the treatments. The differences in the two species' responses to the two kinds of stress were correlated with the activation of the antioxidant enzymes, more pronounced in conditions of salt stress in L. albuferae and of water stress in L. dufourii. Conclusions Although L. albuferae is found in sites with lower salinity in the natural habitats, the greenhouse experiment indicated that it tolerates higher concentrations of salt than L. dufouri, which is more resistant to drought. The two species efficiently mitigate oxidative stress by activation of antioxidant enzymes. The results obtained may be helpful for the conservation management of the two species: whereas salinity is not problematic, as the two species tolerated under controlled conditions salinities far beyond those in their natural environments, water scarcity may be a problem for L. albuferae, which proved to be more susceptible to water deficit.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidisciplinary studies supporting conservation programmes of two rare, endangered Limonium species from Spain

et al. 2021

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“…Phenolic compounds have shown a greater antioxidant activity compared to other small antioxidant molecules [ 17 ]. These molecules are very suitable for trapping free radicals and this ability is related to their structure that rapidly stabilizes the formed phenol radical; in particular, phenolic compounds efficiently inhibit lipid peroxidation by trapping lipid alkoxy radicals [ 18 ]. The antioxidant enzymes comprise the superoxide dismutase (SOD), which catalyzes the dismutation of the superoxide anion to oxygen and hydrogen peroxide, and the catalase (CAT) and the peroxidase (POX), which catalyze the decomposition of the hydrogen peroxide into oxygen and water [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan-Induced Activation of the Antioxidant Defense System Counteracts the Adverse Effects of Salinity in Durum Wheat

Quitadamo

Simone

Beleggia

et al. 2021

Plants

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The present study was carried out with the aim of (i) evaluating the effect of chitosan (CTS) on the growth of durum wheat under salinity and (ii) examining CTS-regulated mechanisms of salinity tolerance associated with the antioxidant defense system. To achieve these goals, durum wheat seedlings were treated with CTS at different molecular weight, low (L-CTS, 50–190 kDa), medium (M-CTS, 190–310 kDa) and high (H-CTS, 310–375 kDa). The results obtained show that exposure to 200 mM NaCl reduced the shoot and the root dried biomass by 38% and 59%, respectively. The growth impairment induced by salinity was strongly correlated with an increase in the superoxide anion production (5-fold), hydrogen peroxide content (2-fold) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content (4-fold). Seedlings responded to the oxidative stress triggered by salinity with an increase in the total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and total antioxidant activity (TAA) by 67%, 51% and 32%, respectively. A salt-induced increase in the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase (CAT) of 89% and 86%, respectively, was also observed. Treatment of salt-stressed seedlings with exogenous CTS significantly promoted seedling growth, with the strongest effects observed for L-CTS and M-CTS, which increased the shoot biomass of stressed seedlings by 32% and 44%, respectively, whereas the root dried biomass increased by 87% and 64%, respectively. L-CTS and M-CTS treatments also decreased the superoxide anion production (57% and 59%, respectively), the hydrogen peroxide content (35% and 38%, respectively) and the MDA content (48% and 56%, respectively) and increased the TPC (23% and 14%, respectively), the TFC (19% and 10%, respectively), the TAA (up to 10% and 7%, respectively) and the CAT activity (29% and 20%, respectively). Overall, our findings indicate that CTS exerts its protective role against the oxidative damages induced by salinity by enhancing the antioxidant defense system. L-CTS and M-CTS were the most effective in alleviating the adverse effect of NaCl, thus demonstrating that the CTS action is strictly related to its molecular weight.

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“…However, ROS are no longer considered only the inevitable, toxic by-products of aerobic metabolism—their role proved to be essential in many life processes [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Depending on the subtle and dynamic homeostasis between production and scavenging, ROS can be considered as life-threatening or life-saving molecules, and the latter possibility is based on their involvement in stress signalling and initiation of defence reactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Ascorbate—Glutathione Cycle Components on the Effectiveness of Embryogenesis Induction in Isolated Microspore Cultures of Barley and Triticale

et al. 2021

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Enhanced antioxidant defence plays an essential role in plant survival under stress conditions. However, excessive antioxidant activity sometimes suppresses the signal necessary for the initiation of the desired biological reactions. One such example is microspore embryogenesis (ME)—a process of embryo-like structure formation triggered by stress in immature male gametophytes. The study focused on the role of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defence in triticale (x Triticosecale Wittm.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) microspore reprogramming. ME was induced through various stress treatments of tillers and its effectiveness was analysed in terms of ascorbate and glutathione contents, total activity of low molecular weight antioxidants and activities of glutathione–ascorbate cycle enzymes. The most effective treatment for both species was a combination of low temperature and exogenous application of 0.3 M mannitol, with or without 0.3 mM reduced glutathione. The applied treatments induced genotype-specific defence responses. In triticale, both ascorbate and glutathione were associated with ME induction, though the role of glutathione did not seem to be related to its function as a reducing agent. In barley, effective ME was accompanied by an accumulation of ascorbate and high activity of enzymes regulating its redox status, without direct relation to glutathione content.

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The Significance of Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidant Defense System in Plants: A Concise Overview

Cited by 476 publications

References 95 publications

Multidisciplinary studies supporting conservation programmes of two rare, endangered Limonium species from Spain

Multidisciplinary studies supporting conservation programmes of two rare, endangered Limonium species from Spain

Chitosan-Induced Activation of the Antioxidant Defense System Counteracts the Adverse Effects of Salinity in Durum Wheat

Impact of Ascorbate—Glutathione Cycle Components on the Effectiveness of Embryogenesis Induction in Isolated Microspore Cultures of Barley and Triticale

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