The significance of mycotoxins in the framework of assessing workplace related risks

Mayer, Stefan; Engelhart, Steffen; Kolk, Annette; Blome, H.

doi:10.1007/bf03032342

Cited by 50 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Cell-lines were selected for several reasons: CaCo-2, Jurkat, and U937 represent, at least for DON, the most commonly used human cell lines for toxicological studies addressing gastrointestinal and immunomodulatory effects. Considering recently raised concerns about health risks associated with airborne mycotoxins (Mayer et al 2007(Mayer et al , 2008, effects of trichothecenes on A549 and HEp-2 cells, originating from the epithelium of lung and larynx, were analyzed. Hep-G2 were used in several recent papers (Bouaziz et al 2008;Königs et al 2008;Nielsen et al 2009) investigating toxininduced activation of cellular pathways.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichothecene-induced cytotoxicity on human cell lines

et al. 2009

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Trichothecene cytotoxicity of type A (T-2 toxin and HT-2 toxin), type B (deoxynivalenol, DON, and nivalenol, NIV), and type D (satratoxins G and H) compounds was determined comparatively by using eight permanent human cell lines (Hep-G2, A549, CaCo-2, HEp-2, A204, U937, RPMI 8226, and Jurkat). Viability of cells was measured by a water-soluble tetrazolium (WST-1) reagent cell proliferation assay assessing mitochondrial metabolic activity. Toxicity was expressed as the toxin concentration inhibiting 50% of cell viability (IC50). Depending on the chemotype of the tested trichothecenes, relative cytotoxic activity differed by a factor of 100-1,000, and the corresponding IC50 values were in the range from 2.2 nmol/l (satratoxin H on Jurkat and U937 cells) to 4,900 nmol/l (deoxynivalenol on HEp-2 cells). In contrast, the specific toxicity of each individual mycotoxin towards different cell lines was within remarkable close limits, and between-cell line differences were much smaller than previously reported. For the cell lines tested, IC50 values were 4.4-10.8 nmol/l for T-2 toxin, 7.5-55.8 mol/l for HT-2 toxin, 600-4,900 nmol/l for DON, 300-2,600 nmol/l for NIV, and 2.2-18.3 nmol/l for satratoxins G/H. In addition, for the first time, the toxic activity of trichothecenes on primary cell culture of human endothelial cells (HUVEC) was tested. The susceptibility of this cell line was comparable to the other cell lines tested, with IC50 values ranging from 16.5 nmol/l (T-2 toxin) to 4,500 nmol/l (DON). The results suggest that the current focus of cytotoxicological studies on trichothecenes on lymphoid cell lines may lead to an underestimate of their potential on other target cell systems.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichothecene-induced cytotoxicity on human cell lines

et al. 2009

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“…This means that there must be a close monitoring program on food products. Along with food safety, occupational safety is another concern [8]- [10]. The most prevalent and toxic molecule among the four commonly found AFs (aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2) is AFB1 so that it is classified as group 1 human carcinogen by IARC [1] [3] [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Empirical Study on Aflatoxin Occurrence in Nuts Consumed in Tehran, Iran 2013

Rezaei¹,

Karimi²,

Parviz³

et al. 2014

Health

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“…The cell lines included in this study were selected because of the following reasons: CaCo-2, Jurkat and U937 represent, at least for DON, the most commonly used human cell lines for toxicological studies addressing gastrointestinal and immunomodulatory effects. Considering recently raised concerns about health risks associated with airborne mycotoxins (Mayer et al 2007(Mayer et al , 2008, effects of trichothecenes on A549 cells, originating from the epithelium of the lung, were analyzed. Hep-G2 have been used in several recent papers (Bouaziz et al 2008;Königs et al 2008;Nielsen et al 2009a) to investigate toxin-induced activation of cellular pathways.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of MAPK-dependent transcription factors by deoxynivalenol in human cell lines

et al. 2010

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Contamination of cereals with the trichothecene deoxynivalenol (DON) is a global problem in agriculture. DON-related cytotoxicity results from inhibition of translation preceded by a ribotoxic stress response, which is characterized by phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases and activation of downstream transcription factors. In this study, we measured the expression of AP-1 associated transcription factor mRNA levels in six human cell lines (Hep-G2, A549, U937, A204, Jurkat, and CaCo-2) by using real-time RT-PCR. Previous work suggested that transcription factors mRNA and protein levels are affected by DON in Hep-G2 cells. In this study, we found significant cell-specific differences in mRNA levels for the transcription factors JUN, JUND, FOS, FOSL2, ATF3, and EGR1. After exposure to 1 µmol/l DON for 3 h, the induction of the transcription factor JUN was highest in the Jurkat (342-fold) and Hep-G2 (84-fold) cell lines. JUND expression was mainly affected in the immunocompetent cell-lines U937 (11-fold) and Jurkat (12-fold), whereas significant FOSL2 induction (5-fold) was only found in Jurkat cells. DON-induced expression of FOS was mainly observed in Hep-G2 (96-fold) and U937 cells (59-fold). In contrast, response of A549 cells to DON was characterized by a distinct induction of ATF3 (44-fold) and EGR1 (92-fold). Time- and concentration-dependent induction of the transcription factors by DON was studied in detail for Hep-G2, A549, A204, and U937 cells. Considering the chronic dietary exposure of humans, broader investigations on DON influence on cell signaling pathways are required to understand the impact of this mycotoxin on human health.

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The significance of mycotoxins in the framework of assessing workplace related risks

Cited by 50 publications

References 47 publications

Trichothecene-induced cytotoxicity on human cell lines

Trichothecene-induced cytotoxicity on human cell lines

An Empirical Study on Aflatoxin Occurrence in Nuts Consumed in Tehran, Iran 2013

Induction of MAPK-dependent transcription factors by deoxynivalenol in human cell lines

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