The significance of limited prosocial emotions among externalizing disorders in children

Castagna, Peter J.; Babinski, Dara E.; Waxmonsky, James G.; Waschbusch, Daniel A.

doi:10.1007/s00787-020-01696-0

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…This finding is particularly interesting given that CU traits can be added as a specifier to the CD diagnosis in the DSM-5 (American Psychiatric Association, 2013) and as a specifier to the ODD or CD diagnosis in the ICD-11 (World Health Organization, 2019). Moreover, the finding is in line with previous research on the structure underlying externalizing behavior disorders in children (Castagna et al, 2021;Haas et al, 2018;Thöne et al, 2021).…”

Section: Symptoms Of Odd and CD More Strongly Relate To Impairment Th...supporting

confidence: 91%

Identifying Symptoms of ADHD and Disruptive Behavior Disorders Most Strongly Associated with Functional Impairment in Children: A Symptom-Level Approach

Thöne

Dose

Junghänel

et al. 2023

J Psychopathol Behav Assess

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To enhance the understanding of how symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and disruptive behavior disorders such as oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), conduct disorder (CD), including callous-unemotional (CU) traits, differentially relate to functional impairment (FI). Participants were 474 German school-age children (age: M = 8.90, SD = 1.49, 81% male) registered for participation in the ESCAschool trial (ESCAschool: Evidence-based, Stepped Care of ADHD in school-aged children). Clinicians assessed the severity of individual symptoms and five FI domains specifically associated with ADHD symptoms or ODD/CD/CU symptoms using a semi-structured clinical interview. We conducted two multiple linear regression analyses, combined with relative importance analyses, to determine the impact of individual symptoms on global FI associated with ADHD and ODD/CD/CU symptoms. Next, we estimated two networks and identified the strongest associations of ADHD symptoms or ODD/CD/CU symptoms with the five FI domains. Symptoms varied substantially in their associations with global FI. The ADHD symptom Easily Distracted (15%) and ODD symptom Argues with Adults (10%) contributed most strongly to the total explained variance. FI related to academic performance, home life and family members, and psychological strain were most strongly associated with ADHD inattention symptoms, whereas FI related to relationships with adults and relationships with children and recreational activities were most strongly associated with hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms. By comparison, the ODD/CD/CU symptoms most closely linked to FI domains originated from the ODD and CD dimensions. Our findings contribute to a growing body of literature on the importance of analyzing individual symptoms and highlight that symptom-based approaches can be clinically useful.

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Section: Symptoms Of Odd and CD More Strongly Relate To Impairment Th...supporting

confidence: 91%

Identifying Symptoms of ADHD and Disruptive Behavior Disorders Most Strongly Associated with Functional Impairment in Children: A Symptom-Level Approach

Thöne

Dose

Junghänel

et al. 2023

J Psychopathol Behav Assess

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“…Previous research has indicated that children with this type of neurodevelopmental disorder show deficits in the processing of emotions: they appear to perform less well on facial emotion recognition tasks and have more difficulties to discern emotions on the basis of contextual cues ( Da Fonseca et al, 2009 ). Both of these processes seem to be highly relevant in the formation of self-conscious emotions, and so it makes sense that in particular youths with ADHD are less susceptible to experience them ( Scheel et al, 2014 ; Muris et al, 2016 ; Castagna et al, 2021 ), resulting in deficits of interpersonal sensitivity and social difficulties ( Harpin, 2005 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results of the aforementioned study of Castagna et al (2021) also showed that children with other disruptive behaviors tend to lack guilt and remorse. More precisely, a substantial percentage of the children with ODD/CD (39%) showed clear deficits in experiencing this type of self-conscious emotion (as compared to only 5% in children without a diagnosis).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Therefore, it can be assumed that they are less inclined to display self-conscious emotions. Evidence for this notion is provided in a study by Castagna et al (2021) who asked caregivers of children (aged 5–12 years) to complete the Limited Prosocial Emotions Questionnaire (LPEQ; Castagna et al, 2020 ) and measures of externalizing symptoms. The limited prosocial emotions (LPEs) include lack of remorse/guilt, callousness/lack of empathy, unconcern about performance, and shallow/deficient affect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Childhood Disorder: Dysregulated Self-Conscious Emotions? Psychopathological Correlates of Implicit and Explicit Shame and Guilt in Clinical and Non-clinical Children and Adolescents

et al. 2022

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This study examined psychopathological correlates of implicit and explicit shame and guilt in 30 clinical and 129 non-clinical youths aged 8–17 years. Shame and guilt were measured explicitly via two self-reports and a parent report, and implicitly by means of an Implicit Association Test (IAT), while a wide range of psychopathological symptoms were assessed with questionnaires completed by children, parents, and teachers. The results showed no differences of implicit and explicit shame and guilt between the clinical and non-clinical group, implying that dysregulation of these self-conscious emotions is not per definition associated with psychopathology. Correlational analyses indicated that self-reported explicit shame was positively associated with a broad range of internalizing psychopathology, while self-reported explicit guilt was associated with higher levels of anxiety and to some extent lower levels of externalizing psychopathology. Correlations with parent-rated shame and guilt revealed the same pattern of results but were in general weaker. Furthermore, implicit shame and guilt did not show significant correlations with the various measures of psychopathology. It can be concluded that the link between shame and guilt and psychopathology is complex, and partly dependent on the disorder under study and context-related factors defining the maladaptive nature of these self-conscious emotions.

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“…CU traits assess the affective dimension of psychopathy and are integrated into the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed. ; DSM-5 ; American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013) as a specifier (“with limited prosocial emotions”) for conduct disorder with emerging evidence of utility (Castagna et al, 2021). Whereas research in adult samples has tended to examine the broader psychopathy construct with other assessment tools, studies involving children and adolescents have predominately employed the affective dimension (i.e., CU traits).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation and measurement invariance of the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits in Chinese incarcerated and normative samples.

Zheng¹,

Zhang²,

Huang³

et al. 2021

Law and Human Behavior

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Objective: This study examined the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits (ICU) in a large sample of incarcerated Chinese male inmates and its measurement invariance with an independent normative sample of Chinese adults. We further investigated the external validity of the ICU in the incarcerated sample. Hypotheses: We hypothesized that the short forms of ICU would (a) provide a better model fit and greater internal consistency than the original 24-item ICU, (b) demonstrate measurement invariance between incarcerated and normative samples, and (c) show satisfactory external validity with a variety of external criterion measures. Method: A sample of incarcerated Chinese men (N = 498; M age = 33.14) and a normative sample of Chinese adults (N = 168; M age = 23.45, 41% male) self-reported on the ICU. The incarcerated sample also self-reported multiple psychosocial external measures. Results: A short form of the ICU containing 11 items with two correlated factors (Callousness and Uncaring) demonstrated superior model fit, internal consistency, scalar invariance across the two samples, and external validity. Conclusions: Rigorously and accurately measuring callousunemotional (CU) traits in Asian populations will enable future research to further understand how these traits develop over the life span, as well as their clinical and forensic implications. Public Significance StatementA short form of the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits can be used to accurately and conveniently assess and compare callous-unemotional (CU) traits and two factors-Callousness and Uncaring-in Chinese incarcerated and normative adult populations. Rigorously and accurately measuring CU traits in Asian populations will enable future research to further understand their development over the life span in both typical and high-risk populations, as well as their clinical (e.g., conduct disorder diagnosis) and forensic (e.g., recidivism risk assessment) implications in different cultures.

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The significance of limited prosocial emotions among externalizing disorders in children

Cited by 8 publications

References 63 publications

Identifying Symptoms of ADHD and Disruptive Behavior Disorders Most Strongly Associated with Functional Impairment in Children: A Symptom-Level Approach

Identifying Symptoms of ADHD and Disruptive Behavior Disorders Most Strongly Associated with Functional Impairment in Children: A Symptom-Level Approach

Childhood Disorder: Dysregulated Self-Conscious Emotions? Psychopathological Correlates of Implicit and Explicit Shame and Guilt in Clinical and Non-clinical Children and Adolescents

Validation and measurement invariance of the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits in Chinese incarcerated and normative samples.

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