The significance of an inscribed breastplate captured at Falerii in 241 B.C.

Flower, Harriet I.

doi:10.1017/s104775940001727x

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Traditionally, and still in general, Roman military equipment studies have included (generally unprovenanced) items from private collections in their data sets without discussion (e.g. Egg, 1986;Bottini et al 1988;Paddock 1993;Flower, 1998;Burns 2005;Bishop and Coulston 2006;Fabregat 2012;etc.). This situation is problematic and the inclusion of items with dubious histories alongside artefacts from officially sanctioned excavations risks legitimizing both their acquisition and current location in a private collection (cf.…”

Section: Considerations Of Current Provenancementioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Modelling in Museum and Private Collections: A Case Study on Early Italic Armour

Emmitt

Mackrell

Armstrong

2021

Journal of Computer Applications in Archaeology

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Public, and particularly museum-based, collections provide invaluable opportunities for analysis. The objects in these collections typically offer relatively complete examples which often become reference points for newly excavated material or analyses. However, aside from issues of provenance and occasionally authenticity, one of the biggest challenges with the analysis of objects in museum collections is, perhaps ironically, their public and collection-based context. Objects on display are often only directly analysed immediately following their initial discovery and are then increasingly restricted for direct analysis (e.g. placed behind glass, displayed in such a way that their removal is difficult, etc.). Although visible to millions, once in a collection the level of analysis possible is often limited and superficial. In this paper we discuss the analysis of three collections of ancient Italian armour now housed in collections, both public and private. We examine some of the ethical considerations when looking at such collections. We also discuss the issues faced when analysing and making digital models of objects, which are used to explore the nature and importance of military equipment in Italy during the first millennium BCE. In addition, we argue that, although famous, many of the pieces held in collections are currently being underutilized in studies of the ancient world. We suggest digitization, even when conducted quickly, can help to unlock more information from previously excavated and analysed items and we highlight the pros and cons of various techniques when working in museum-based contexts.

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Section: Considerations Of Current Provenancementioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Modelling in Museum and Private Collections: A Case Study on Early Italic Armour

Emmitt

Mackrell

Armstrong

2021

Journal of Computer Applications in Archaeology

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“…4.11; cf. Flower, 1998; the toponyms Veteres and Novi are modern attributions: Di Stefano Manzella, 1976–7. Abbreviations of Roman primary sources follow the guidelines of the Oxford Classical Dictionary , eds S. Hornblower, A. Spawforth and E. Eidinow (Oxford University Press, fourth edition 2012, and online).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…4.11; cf. Flower, 1998; the toponyms Veteres and Novi are modern attributions: Di Stefano Manzella, 1976–7.…”

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The Falerii Novi Project

Andrews,

Bernard,

Dodd

et al. 2023

Pap. Br. Sch. Rome

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The Falerii Novi Project represents a newly formed archaeological initiative to explore the Roman city of Falerii Novi. The project forms a collaboration of the British School at Rome with a multinational team of partner institutions. Thanks to a rich legacy of geophysical work on both the site and its territory, Falerii Novi presents an exceptional opportunity to advance understanding of urbanism in ancient and medieval Italy. The Falerii Novi Project employs a range of methodologies, integrating continued site-scale survey with new campaigns of stratigraphic excavation, archival research and environmental archaeology. The project aims to present a more expansive and holistic urban history of this key Tiber Valley settlement by focusing on long-run socio-economic processes both within Falerii Novi and as they linked the city to its wider landscape.

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The Tradition of the Spolia Opima: M. Claudius Marcellus and Augustus

Flower¹

2000

Classical Antiquity

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This paper aims to reexamine how traditions about the spolia opima developed with special emphasis on two crucial phases of their evolution, the time of Marcus Claudius Marcellus' dedication in 222 BC and the early years of Augustus' principate, following the restoration of the temple of Jupiter Feretrius on the Capitol. In particular, I will argue that Marcellus invented the spolia opima, that his feat shaped the entire tradition about such dedications, and that this tradition was later enhanced and "reinvented" by Augustus, probably following upon renewed interest under Julius Caesar. Through an evaluation of the surviving evidence about the three canonical dedicators (Romulus, A. Cornelius Cossus, and Marcellus) the possibility is explored that the spolia opima, rather than being an archaic ritual dating back to the regal period, represent a tradition invented (and reinvented) by specific individuals at certain well-defined moments in Roman history. Augustus himself, beginning while he was still a child, was influenced by traditions about the career and achievements of M. Claudius Marcellus. Augustus' interest in Marcellus helps to explain his special focus on the spolia opima as a significant and hallowed Roman tradition. Consequently, in the late first century B.C., spolia opima were associated both with old-fashioned "republican" aspirations and also with the iconography and self-definition of the new ruling family. In this context other leading Romans of the age considered dedicating such spolia, notably M. Licinius Crassus, grandson of the triumvir, and the elder Drusus, brother of Tiberius. In addition, Virgil included the spolia opima as a recurring theme in the second half of the Aeneid. The poem reaches its climax when Aeneas kills his rival Italian leader Turnus in a duel which would have entitled him to dedicate spolia opima.

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The significance of an inscribed breastplate captured at Falerii in 241 B.C.

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

Digital Modelling in Museum and Private Collections: A Case Study on Early Italic Armour

Digital Modelling in Museum and Private Collections: A Case Study on Early Italic Armour

The Falerii Novi Project

The Tradition of the Spolia Opima: M. Claudius Marcellus and Augustus

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