The Significance and Applications of Bacteriophage in Bacteriological and Virus Research

Craigie, James

doi:10.1128/br.10.3-4.73-88.1946

Cited by 16 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The universal decline in the effectiveness of antibiotics has generated renewed interest in the use of phages to treat bacterial infections, either as an alternative or a supplement to antibiotic treatment [ 15 ]. Aside from potential clinical uses, having a better understanding of virus–host interactions, host specificity, how phages infect bacteria and the mechanisms used by bacteria to resist infection have led to the advancement of virology in general as well as various applications in biotechnology [ 6 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Contributions made from basic phage research expand our understanding about virus–host cell relationships, modes of infection, host specificity, and viral structure, ultimately leading to the advancement of biotechnology that can help humanity against deadly outbreaks caused by pathogenic bacteria [ 6 ]. In order to contribute to the viral diversity of Microbacterium -infecting bacteriophages, three phages are isolated from environment samples collected in Riverside, California using Microbacterium foliorum as the host bacteria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Phages YuuY, KaiHaiDragon, and OneinaGillian Isolated from Microbacterium foliorum

Kim

Paul

Diaz

2022

IJMS

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Microbacterium foliorum is a Gram-positive bacteria found in organic matter. Three lytic bacteriophages, KaiHaiDragon, OneinaGillian, and YuuY, were isolated from M. foliorum strain NRRL B-24224. Phage YuuY in particular expresses a broad host range as it possesses the ability to infect closely related bacterial species Microbacterium aerolatum at a high plating efficiency. Characterization tests were performed on all three Microbacterium phage to assess morphology, genomic characteristics, pH and thermal stabilities, life cycle, and the type of receptor used for infection. All three phages showed similar pH stability, ranging from pH 5–11, except for KaiHaiDragon, which had a reduced infection effectiveness at a pH of 11. YuuY possessed a significantly higher temperature tolerance compared to the other Microbacterium phages as some phage particles remained viable after incubation temperatures of up to 80 °C. Based on the one-step growth curve assay, all three Microbacterium phages possessed a relatively short latent period of 90 min and an approximately two-fold burst size factor. Moreover, all three phages utilize a carbohydrate receptor to initiate infection. Based on bioinformatics analysis, YuuY, KaiHaiDragon and OneinaGillian were assigned to clusters EA10, EC, and EG, respectively.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Phages YuuY, KaiHaiDragon, and OneinaGillian Isolated from Microbacterium foliorum

Kim

Paul

Diaz

2022

IJMS

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“…The original 1938 typing system had comprised 11 Vi-phage types. Further adaptations via co-passaging by Craigie and Felix increased this number to 24 by the end of the war (Craigie 1946;). 22 21 TNA FD 1/5790 EPHLS Monthly Review, 14.11.1939;11.12.1939.…”

Section: Part Two: a Flood Of Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Northern Normal – Laboratory Networks, Microbial Culture Collections, and Taxonomies of Power (1939-2000)

Kirchhelle

Kirchhelle²

2022

Preprint

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Bacteriophage-typing – using bacterial viruses to identify bacteria at the species and strain level – was the gold standard technology underlying the rapid expansion of international surveillance for major bacterial pathogens after 1945. The microbiological networks, taxonomies, and culture collections produced by phage-typers underpinned important advances in scientists’ understanding of microbial diversity and infection control efforts. However, embedded geopolitics, extractive microbial sampling, and cultural biases also distorted typing efforts and resulting findings in favour of high-income countries. Northern Normal merges classic historical research on phage-typing archives and publications with spatial analysis using ArcGIS to reconstruct the origins, rise, and biases of international phage-typing. Focusing on typing efforts for Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (the cause of typhoid fever), it shows how (post)colonial phage-typing networks cemented the dominance of Northern microbiological hubs and led to an inverse reading of microbial prevalence and relevance. Whereas strains prevalent in the Global North were designated universal, those from endemic areas in the South were exoticized. The article tracks how taxonomic distinctions between ‘universal’ Northern strains and high-prevalence ‘exotic’ strains reinforced biosecurity concerns about the reimport of typhoid from Southern countries, led to the choice of non-representative strains to test typhoid vaccines, and facilitated growing neglect of typhoid at the international level. The article ends by reflecting on the persistence of (post)colonial microbiological infrastructures and resulting surveillance distortions in the genomic era.

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Die Anwendung von Phagen in der bakteriologischen Diagnostik mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Typisierung von Typhus- und Paratyphus B-Bakterien sowie Staphylokokken

Brandis

1957

Ergebnisse Der Mikrobiologie, Immunitätsforschung Und Experimentellen Therapie

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The Significance and Applications of Bacteriophage in Bacteriological and Virus Research

Cited by 16 publications

References 34 publications

Characterization of Phages YuuY, KaiHaiDragon, and OneinaGillian Isolated from Microbacterium foliorum

Characterization of Phages YuuY, KaiHaiDragon, and OneinaGillian Isolated from Microbacterium foliorum

Northern Normal – Laboratory Networks, Microbial Culture Collections, and Taxonomies of Power (1939-2000)

Die Anwendung von Phagen in der bakteriologischen Diagnostik mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Typisierung von Typhus- und Paratyphus B-Bakterien sowie Staphylokokken

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