The Short-Run and Long-Run Relationships between Mortality and the Business Cycle in Canada

Janko, Zuzana; Emery, J. C. Herbert; Guenette, Pierre

doi:10.1155/2013/409738

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…When the economic growth and unemployment rate decrease, the mortality rate will increase (13). The health of adults ( 17) and newborns can be improved during economic recessions (18), a conclusion that has been similarly confirmed in several other countries (19,20). Fluctuations in oil prices lead to wage arrears, which adversely affects people's incomes, and it is not good for people's quality of life (21).…”

Section: Literature Review and Hypothesis Business Cycle And Population Healthmentioning

confidence: 92%

Threshold Effect of the Government Intervention in the Relationship Between Business Cycle and Population Health: Evidence From China

Chai

Yang

Cui

et al. 2021

Front. Public Health

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China is an emerging country, and government intervention is always considered as an important part of the solutions when people facing challenges in China. Under the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic and the global economic downturn, the Chinese government quickly brought the epidemic under control and restored the positive economic growth through strong intervention. Based on the panel data of provincial level in China and the government intervention as the threshold variable, this paper empirically analyzed the non-linear effect of business cycle on population health by using the panel threshold regression model. The empirical results show that the impact of the business cycle on population health is significantly negative, and government intervention has a single threshold effect on the relationship between business cycle and population health. When the government intervention is below the threshold value, the business cycle has a significant negative effect on the improvement of the population health level; when the level of government intervention exceeds the threshold value, the relationship between business cycle and population health becomes significantly positive. To some extent, the conclusions of this paper can guide the formulation and revision of government health policy and help to adjust the direction and intensity of government intervention. The Chinese government and other governments of emerging countries should do more to harness the power of state intervention in their response to the business cycle.

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Section: Literature Review and Hypothesis Business Cycle And Population Healthmentioning

confidence: 92%

Threshold Effect of the Government Intervention in the Relationship Between Business Cycle and Population Health: Evidence From China

Chai

Yang

Cui

et al. 2021

Front. Public Health

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“…9 In our paper we examine the short-run impacts of economic activity, as is done in Ruhm (2000Ruhm ( , 2005Ruhm ( , 2006, and the other studies we cite. A separate body of literature examines the long-run impacts of economic activity, with a focus on growth, as increases in the standard of living are argued to improve health via improvements in nutrition, public health interventions, medical care, technology, and so forth; this includes the work of McKeown (1976), Preston (1975Preston ( , 1976, Kunitz (1987), Szreter (1988), Cutler et al (2006), Tapia Granados and Ionides (2008), andJanko et al (2013), among many others.…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic fluctuations and mortality in Canada revisited

Janko,

Popli

2024

Southern Economic Journal

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This paper uses panel data for Canada from 1976 to 2018, across 10 provinces, to reassess the relationship between mortality rates and economic fluctuations. The key contribution of our paper lies in examining the extent to which this relationship is driven by the employment rate (extensive margin) versus average hours worked (intensive margin). We find evidence of procyclical mortality for females at the aggregate level; aggregate male mortality remains largely unaffected by economic fluctuations. Our findings also reveal temporal heterogeneity, as the extensive margin becomes the driving force for female mortality rates during the more recent period (1990 onwards). These findings remain robust when accounting for personal income and pollution. Finally, we find some support for a procyclical relationship for individuals in the working age groups, while mortality exhibits a countercyclical pattern for children (age 0 to 14) and the elderly (age 65 and above).

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“…However, the impact of business cycle on mortality is somewhat controversial in previous empirical investigations ( 23 ). Some literature addressed pro-cyclical effects of business cycle on mortality in Greece, Finland, Iceland ( 24 ), Spain ( 22 ), Canada ( 25 ), England and Wales ( 26 , 27 ), the United States ( 28 ), Japan ( 29 ), and ASEAN countries ( 30 ), thus showing that economic recession promotes public health and decreases mortality. By contrast, some other studies asserted a procyclical pattern of mortality, indicating that economic recession was not good for public health ( 31 , 32 ).…”

Section: Literature Review and Research Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Business Cycle and Public Health: The Moderating Role of Health Education and Digital Economy

Zhang

2022

Front. Public Health

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The cyclicality of public health in the emerging market is underexplored in existing literature. In this study, we used a fixed effect model and provincial data to document how public health varies with the business cycle in China over the period of 2010–2019. The estimated results showed that the business cycle is negatively correlated with the mortality of infectious disease, a proxy variable of public health, thus indicating that public health exhibits a countercyclical pattern in China. Furthermore, we investigated the potential moderating role of public health education and digital economy development in the relationship between business cycle and public health. Our findings suggested that public health education and digital economy development can mitigate the damage of economic conditions on public health in China. Health education helps the public obtain more professional knowledge about diseases and then induces effective preventions. Compared with traditional economic growth, digital economy development can avoid environmental pollution which affects public health. Also, it ensures that state-of-the-art medical services are available for the public through e-health. In addition, digitalization assures that remote working is practicable and reduces close contact during epidemics such as COVID-19. The conclusions stand when subjected to several endogeneity and robustness checks. Therefore, the paper implies that these improvements in public health education and digitalization can help the government in promoting public health.

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The Short-Run and Long-Run Relationships between Mortality and the Business Cycle in Canada

Cited by 9 publications

References 28 publications

Threshold Effect of the Government Intervention in the Relationship Between Business Cycle and Population Health: Evidence From China

Threshold Effect of the Government Intervention in the Relationship Between Business Cycle and Population Health: Evidence From China

Economic fluctuations and mortality in Canada revisited

Business Cycle and Public Health: The Moderating Role of Health Education and Digital Economy

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