The Sheath of the Optic Nerve

Hayreh, Sohan Singh

doi:10.1159/000309386

Cited by 87 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…2 Spooler et al described a child with multipl congenital abnormalities and optic nerve meningocele that The most reasonable explanation for the development of the optic nerve sheath meningoceles comes from Hayreh's studies who investigated the relationship of the optic nerve sheath to the optic nerve and stated that congenital narrowing of the optic or congenital cranio-orbital junction anomalies could cause optic nerve sheath meningocele. 13 Treatment of dural ectasia of the optic nerve sheath depends on optic nerve functions. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors may be beneficial in some cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dural ectasia of the optic nerve sheath: is it always benign?

Bakbak

Dönmez

Kansu

et al. 2009

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Abstract:A 36-year-old woman with a 3-month history of progressive visual loss had papilledema, dilatation of the optic nerve sheaths and normal cerebrospinal fluid pressures. She was diagnosed as dural ectasia of the optic nerve sheaths and surgical decompression was performed. In this case report, severe visual loss is described as a serious complication of this rare disease and the importance of early surgical intervention is emphasized.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dural ectasia of the optic nerve sheath: is it always benign?

Bakbak

Dönmez

Kansu

et al. 2009

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“…The morphology of the cranial and spinal meninges and of the subarachnoid space have been described in previous studies on dogs, cats, rats, and humans. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] In order to find appropriate terminology for the structures transversing the spinal subarachnoid space, Parkinson used the terms arachnoid septa, trabeculae, and "rough strands." 9 A classification of cranial arachnoid trabeculae in stout, columnar or sheet-like types was suggested by Delmas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Architecture of arachnoid trabeculae, pillars, and septa in the subarachnoid space of the human optic nerve: anatomy and clinical considerations

Killer

Laeng²,

Flammer³

et al. 2003

British Journal of Ophthalmology

297

214

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Aims: To describe the anatomy and the arrangement of the arachnoid trabeculae, pillars, and septa in the subarachnoid space of the human optic nerve and to consider their possible clinical relevance for cerebrospinal fluid dynamics and fluid pressure in the subarachnoid space of the human optic nerve. Methods: Postmortem study with a total of 12 optic nerves harvested from nine subjects without ocular disease. All optic nerves used in this study were obtained no later than 7 hours after death, following qualified consent for necropsy. The study was performed with transmission (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results: The subarachnoid space of the human optic nerve contains a variety of trabeculae, septa, and stout pillars that are arranged between the arachnoid and the pia layers of the meninges of the nerve. They display a considerable numeric and structural variability depending on their location within the different portions of the optic nerve. In the bulbar segment (ampulla), adjacent to the globe, a dense and highly ramified meshwork of delicate trabeculae is arranged in a reticular fashion. Between the arachnoid trabeculae, interconnecting velum-like processes are observed. In the mid-orbital segment of the orbital portion, the subarachnoid space is subdivided, and can appear even loosely chambered by broad trabeculae and velum-like septa at some locations. In the intracanalicular segment additionally, few stout pillars and single round trabeculae are observed. Conclusion: The subarachnoid space of the human optic nerve is not a homogeneous and anatomically empty chamber filled with cerebrospinal fluid, but it contains a complex system of arachnoid trabeculae and septa that divide the subarachnoid space. The trabeculae, septa, and pillars, as well as their arrangement described in this study, may have a role in the cerebrospinal fluid dynamics between the subarachnoid space of the optic nerve and the chiasmal cistern and may contribute to the understanding of the pathophysiology of asymmetric and unilateral papilloedema. All the structures described are of such delicate character that they can not even be visualised with high resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).T he optic nerve is a white matter tract of the central nervous system that extents through the optic canal into the orbit. It is enveloped by the meninges and is surrounded by cerebrospinal fluid that enters the subarachnoid space via the chiasmal cistern.Anatomically the nerve can be divided into orbital and intracanalicular portions. The widest part of the orbital portion is adjacent to the ocular globe and is called the bulbar segment. It is followed by the mid-orbital segment (Fig 1).Although many studies on the cranial meninges are available, relatively few deal exclusively with the meninges of the optic nerve and the structures, such as trabeculae and septa, within its subarachnoid space. Anderson described arachnoid trabeculae stretching between the arachnoid layer and the pia layer in the subarachnoid space in the optic...

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“…All other tissues were bonded together by sharing nodes at the respective tissue boundaries. As the optic nerve is firmly held in position in the optic canal region, 25,26 the optic nerve was fixed at the orbital apex. The outer surface of the orbital wall was also fixed.…”

Section: Materials Stiffness Of the Reconstructed Eye Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 99%