The shared experience of catastrophe: An expanded classification of the disaster community.

Wright, Kathleen M.; Ursano, Robert J.; Bartone, Paul T.; Ingraham, Larry H.

doi:10.1037/h0079199

Cited by 70 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The sudden, unexpected, and uncontrollable nature of the attacks may have strengthened their negative impact on health, with mass media coverage spreading the impact of 9/11 geographically (Wright, Ursano, Bartone, & Ingraham, 1990). Indeed, we found that those who watched the attacks live on TV were more likely to report an increase in physical health ailments over time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Health status and health care utilization following collective trauma: A 3-year national study of the 9/11 terrorist attacks in the United States

Holman

Silver

2011

Social Science & Medicine

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a b s t r a c tThe September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks (9/11) presented a unique opportunity to assess the physical health impact of collective stress in the United States. This study prospectively examined rates of physical ailments and predictors of health care utilization in a U.S. nationally representative sample over three years following the attacks. A sample of adults (N ¼ 2592) completed a survey before 9/11/01 that assessed MD-diagnosed physical and mental health ailments. Follow-up surveys were administered at one (N ¼ 1923), two (N ¼ 1576), and three (N ¼ 1950) years post-9/11 to assess MD-diagnosed physical health ailments (e.g., cardiovascular, endocrine) and health care utilization. Reports of physical ailments increased 18% over three years following 9/11. 9/11-related exposure, lifetime and post-9/11 stress, MD-diagnosed depression/anxiety, smoking status, age, and female gender predicted increased incidence of post-9/11 ailments, after controlling for pre-9/11 health. After adjusting for covariates (demographics, somatization, smoking status, pre-9/11 mental and physical health, lifetime and post-9/11 stress, and degree of 9/11-related exposure), increases in MD-diagnosed cardiovascular, endocrine, gastrointestinal, and hematology-oncology ailments predicted greater utilization of health care services over two years. After the collective stress of 9/11, rates of physical ailments increased and predicted greater health care utilization in a U.S. national sample.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Health status and health care utilization following collective trauma: A 3-year national study of the 9/11 terrorist attacks in the United States

Holman

Silver

2011

Social Science & Medicine

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“…They found that being exposed to the same set of behaviors (i.e., supervisor's actions) in similar situations is likely to engender a similar response from each employee (i.e., trust or not in the same supervisor). This is not unlike the group responses from racial and gender minorities who have not experienced crucial events in life together but still develop similar responses and attitudes to such events (e.g., acts of discrimination; (Harrison, Price, & Bell, 1998;Schmitt, Spears, & Branscombe, 2003;Wright, Ursano, Bartone, & Ingraham, 1990). This does not preclude the possibility of individual differences but can instead help explain how different individuals can have similar reactions to events they did not experience together, which can in turn lead to a group response.…”

Section: Robot Identification and Emotional Attachmentmentioning

confidence: 94%

Emotional Attachment, Performance, and Viability in Teams Collaborating with Embodied Physical Action (EPA) Robots

You¹,

Robert²

2018

JAIS

107

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Although different types of teams increasingly employ embodied physical action (EPA) robots as a collaborative technology to accomplish their work, we know very little about what makes such teams successful. This paper has two objectives: the first is to examine whether a team's emotional attachment to its robots can lead to better team performance and viability; the second is to determine whether robot and team identification can promote a team's emotional attachment to its robots. To achieve these objectives, we conducted a between-subjects experiment with 57 teams working with robots. Teams performed better and were more viable when they were emotionally attached to their robots. Both robot and team identification increased a team's emotional attachment to its robots. Results of this study have implications for collaboration using EPA robots specifically and for collaboration technology in general.

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“…As our respondents were exposed to the attacks primarily through the media, these findings suggest that media reports of an uncontrollable, unknown threat (e.g., terrorism) may spread the event's impact geographically (Wright, Ursano, Bartone, & Ingraham, 1990) and trigger risk appraisals that render some individuals more vulnerable to PTS symptoms (Marshall et al, 2007). Given that the s/lg allele heightens the excitability of anxiety/fear pathways in the brain and the tendency to respond more strongly to perceived threats (Caspi et al, 2010), we would expect s/lg allele carriers to be more sensitive to these media reports than individuals with the la/la genotype.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Social constraints, genetic vulnerability, and mental health following collective stress

Holman

Lucas‐Thompson

2011

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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A repeat‐length polymorphism of the serotonin promoter gene (5‐HTTLPR) has been associated with depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in trauma‐exposed individuals reporting unsupportive social environments. We examine the contributions of the triallelic 5‐HTTLPR genotype and social constraints to posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptoms in a national sample following the September 11, 2001 (9/11) terrorist attacks. Saliva was collected by mail from 711 respondents (European American subsample n = 463) of a large national probability sample of 2,729 adults. Respondents completed web‐based assessments of pre‐9/11 mental and physical health, acute stress 9 to 23 days post‐9/11, PTS symptoms, and social constraints on disclosure regarding fears of future terrorist attacks 2–3 years post‐9/11. Social constraints were positively associated with PTS symptoms 2–3 years post‐9/11. The triallelic 5‐HTTLPR genotype was not directly associated with PTS symptoms, but it interacted with social constraints to predict PTS symptoms 2‐3 years post‐9/11: Social constraints were more strongly associated with PTS symptoms for individuals with any s/lg allele than for homozygous la/la individuals. Constraints on disclosing fears about future terrorism moderate the 5‐HTTLPR genotype‐PTS symptom association even when indirectly exposed to collective stress.

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The shared experience of catastrophe: An expanded classification of the disaster community.

Cited by 70 publications

References 17 publications

Health status and health care utilization following collective trauma: A 3-year national study of the 9/11 terrorist attacks in the United States

Health status and health care utilization following collective trauma: A 3-year national study of the 9/11 terrorist attacks in the United States

Emotional Attachment, Performance, and Viability in Teams Collaborating with Embodied Physical Action (EPA) Robots

Social constraints, genetic vulnerability, and mental health following collective stress

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