The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO): Challenges Ahead and Potential Solutions

Grainger, Stephen

doi:10.5176/2251-1970_bizstrategy29

Cited by 2 publications

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“…weapons trafficking, illegal immigration, financial security, internet-based, and organized crime (Grainger, 2014). Whereas these "three evil forces" damage all member states, the SCO created a security institution under the name The Regional Anti-Terrorism Structure (RATS), based in Tashkent, the capital of Uzbekistan.…”

Section: S Azizimentioning

confidence: 99%

China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI): The Role of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) in Geopolitical Security and Economic Cooperation

Azizi

2024

OJPS

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This article delves into the complex interaction between China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), exploring their roles in global geopolitics, security collaboration, and economic cooperation. The BRI, often referred to as the New Silk Road, represents a remarkable effort to connect nations and reshape the global economic landscape, promoting connectivity and collaboration. Within this narrative, the SCO emerges as a pivotal participant, evolving from its origins in Central Asian security to encompass a broad spectrum of social, economic, and security concerns. With India, Pakistan, and Iran joining as full members, the SCO now represents almost half of the world's population and a significant GDP share, promising transformative impacts on trade, security, and regional development. On security matters, the SCO has demonstrated its commitment to combating terrorism, extremism, and separatism through joint military exercises and intelligence sharing. The establishment of the Regional Anti-Terrorism Structure (RATS) has been instrumental in addressing security challenges and fostering regional stability. Economically, the SCO has shifted its focus to promote an integrated economic space, facilitating the free flow of goods, technology, services, and capital among member states. Under President Xi Jinping's leadership, China's Belt and Road Initiative aims to revive ancient trade routes and foster shared destinies among nations, connecting over four billion people and a substantial GDP share. Beyond economic development, the BRI also seeks to enhance domestic and regional security, reducing reliance on maritime routes for energy supply. This article concludes that the collaborative efforts of the BRI and SCO hold the promise of a more interconnected and prosperous world in which diversity and cooperation over-How to cite this paper: Azizi, S. (2024). China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI): The Role of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) in Geopolitical Security and

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Section: S Azizimentioning

confidence: 99%

China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI): The Role of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) in Geopolitical Security and Economic Cooperation

Azizi

2024

OJPS

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“…In the second cycle of its evolution, the SCO generated interest in its members' academic community and a strand of literature emerged focusing mostly on the members' strategies and perspectives (Tugsbilguun 2011;McDermott 2012;Koldunova 2015;Gao 2010;Jia 2007;Alimov 2018). With the SCO's consolidation and increasing role in Eurasia, it began to attract interest from beyond its members (Grainger 2012;Fredholm 2013;Rozanov 2013;Plater-Zyberk and Monaghan 2014;Maduz 2018). Their assessment has been mainly sceptical and negative: criticising the lack of its members' democratic credentials and questioning its substance and legitimacy.…”

Section: Sco Institutionalisation and Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The secretariat signed memoranda of understanding with the Collective Security Treaty Organization and the Eurasian Economic Community. With Afghanistan lying 'like an island surrounded by a sea of SCO member countries' (Grainger 2012) and its internal conflict and crime infecting its neighbours, the SCO consistently supported normalisation and the International Security Assistance Force. It created the Liaison Group SCO-Afghanistan.…”

Section: The Second Cycle 2006-2011: Establishing An Essential Region...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contagious convergent cumulative cooperation: the dynamic development of the G20, BRICS and SCO

Kirton

Larionova

2022

Int Polit

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The institutional development and performance of the Group of 20 (G20), the BRICS group of Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa, and the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) have shaped twenty-first-century global governance. Each of these plurilateral summit institutions (PSIs) has different founding visions, missions, memberships, participants, institutionalisation patterns and priorities. However, the potential for competition soon gave way to contagious, convergent, cumulative cooperation. By 2021, each was countering COVID-19-created crises in a mutually reinforcing way. Each extended outreach to new members or regular guest leaders, expanded their institutions and civil society engagement, and embraced economic finance, social sustainability and political-security issues. They increased their performance on the major dimensions of global governance in mutually supportive, if highly implicit, ways. The three big non-western Asian powers-China, Russia and India-at the core of these PSIs drove this dynamic, contagious, cumulative convergence and applied lessons learnt across all three PSIs. This was reinforced by their increasing, shared need to guide globalisation and counter its shocks, from the Asian financial crisis in 1997-1999 to the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020-2021.

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The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO): Challenges Ahead and Potential Solutions

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI): The Role of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) in Geopolitical Security and Economic Cooperation

China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI): The Role of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) in Geopolitical Security and Economic Cooperation

Contagious convergent cumulative cooperation: the dynamic development of the G20, BRICS and SCO

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