The serpentine-group minerals

Faust, George T.; Fahey, Joseph J.

doi:10.3133/pp384a

Cited by 48 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The X-ray pattern of sample F13, which differs from that given by Aumento, resembles the pattern of splintery, poorly ordered antigorite described by Whittaker and Zussman (1956). This is compatible with the relatively low thermal stability of this compound observed by Faust and Fahey (1962). Grinding or ultrasonic treatment merely reduces the crystallinity and does not produce the chrysotile-like properties found by Aumento.…”

Section: Comparison Of Antigorite Chrysotile and Lizarditesupporting

confidence: 68%

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The Relationship between the I.R. Spectra of Serpentines and Their Structures

Yariv

1975

Clays and clay miner.

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Abstract--Possible assignments are suggested for some of the absorption bands in the 1150-400 cm-I region of the i.r. spectra of serpentines. Polarized light was used to identify the out-of-plane vibrations in antigorites and platy lizardites and the vibrations parallel to the fibre axis in chrysotiles and fibrous lizardites. An attempt is made to correlate some known structural characteristics and the chemical composition of the serpentines with some features of the i.r. spectra.

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Section: Comparison Of Antigorite Chrysotile and Lizarditesupporting

confidence: 68%

“…F13,FI4,FI5,ponds to FI), USNM47839 (corresponds to F6), USNMS0500 (corresponds to FI9, a mixture of antigorite and some chrysotile). Samples with the prefix F were described by Faust and Fahey (1962). HU176, Zermatt, Switzerland (Hebrew University mineral collection).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between the I.R. Spectra of Serpentines and Their Structures

Yariv

1975

Clays and clay miner.

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“…Serpentine-mineral identifications were based on X ray powder diffraction analysis, with reference to the crystallographic data presented by Whittaker and Zussman [1956] and Wicks and O'Hanley [1988]. Natural serpentinites commonly contain more than one serpentine mineral, but the coincidence of many of the principal X ray peaks makes it almost impossible to identify a minor serpentine constituent by bulk X ray techniques if it comprises less than 10% of a sample [Faust and Fahey, 1962].…”

Section: Sample Descriptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strengths of serpentinite gouges at elevated temperatures

Moore¹,

Lockner²,

Ma³

et al. 1997

J. Geophys. Res.

216

202

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Abstract. Serpentinite has been proposed as a cause of both low strength and aseismic creep of fault zones. To test these hypotheses, we have measured the strength of chrysotile-, lizardite-, and antigorite-rich serpentinite gouges under hydrothermal conditions, with emphasis on chrysotile, which has thus far received little attention. At 25øC, the coefficient of friction, g, of chrysotile gouge is roughly 0.2, whereas the lizardite-and antigorite-rich gouges are at least twice as strong. The very low room temperature strength of chrysotile is a consequence of its unusually high adsorbed water content. When the adsorbed water is removed, chrysotile is as strong as pure antigorite gouge at room temperature. Heating to -200øC causes the frictional strengths of all three gouges to increase. Limited data suggest that different polytypes of a given serpentine mineral have similar strengths; thus deformation-induced changes in polytype should not affect fault strength. At 25øC, the chrysotile gouge has a transition from velocity strengthening at low velocities to velocity weakening at high velocities, consistent with previous studies. At temperatures up to -200øC, however, chrysotile strength is essentially independent of velocity at low velocities. Overall, chrysotile has a restricted range of velocity-strengthening behavior that migrates to higher velocities with increasing temperature. Less information on velocity dependence is available for the lizardite and antigorite gouges, but their behavior is consistent with that outlined for chrysotile. The marked changes in velocity dependence and strength of chrysotile with heating underscore the hazards of using room temperature data to predict fault behavior at depth. The velocity behavior at elevated temperatures does not rule out serpentinite as a cause of aseismic slip, but in the presence of a hydrostatic fluid pressure gradient, all varieties of serpentine are too strong to explain the apparent weakness of faults such as the San Andreas.

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“…Among the more important papers of general interest on the mineralogy and stability relations of the serpentine minerals are those by Selfridge (1936), Gruner (1937), Efremov (1939), Aruja (1945), Bowen and Tuttle (1949), Yoder (1952), Kourimsky and Satava (1954), Kourimsky and Filcakova (1954), Roy and Roy (1954;, Nagy and Faust (1956), Whittaker (1951;1952;1953;1956a;1956b;1956c;1957), Whittaker andZussman (1956, 1958), , Zussman, Brindley, and Comer (1957), Kiinze (1956Kiinze ( , 1958, Bates (1959), Gillery (1959), Maser, Rice, and Klug (1960), Olsen (1961), and Faust and Fahey (1962). The text by Deer and others (1962, v. 3) summarizes the mineralogy of the group, and contains an extensive list of selected references.…”

Section: Mineralogy Of the Serpentine Groupmentioning

confidence: 99%