The serotonin transporter availability in untreated early-onset and late-onset patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder

Hesse, Swen; Stengler, Katarina; Regenthal, Ralf; Patt, Marianne; Becker, Georg-Alexander; Franke, Annegret; Knüpfer, Heike; Meyer, Philipp; Luthardt, Julia; Jahn, Ina; Lobsien, Donald; Heinke, Wolfgang; Brust, Peter; Hegerl, Ulrich; Sabri, Osama

doi:10.1017/s1461145710001604

Cited by 55 publications

(38 citation statements)

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“…Other studies suggested SERT to be implicated in OCD (Hesse et al 2011;Simpson et al 2003) and substance abuse (Brown et al 2007), especially MDMA (McCann et al 2005Selvaraj et al 2009). SERT has further been linked to obesity and Parkinson's disease (e.g., Wang et al 2010a).…”

Section: Transportersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serotonin and molecular neuroimaging in humans using PET

2011

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The serotonergic system is one of the most important modulatory neurotransmitter systems in the human brain. It plays a central role in major physiological processes and is implicated in a number of psychiatric disorders. Along with the dopaminergic system, it is also one of the phylogenetically oldest human neurotransmitter systems and one of the most diverse, with 14 different receptors identified up to this day, many of whose function remains to be understood. The system's functioning is even more diverse than the number of its receptors, since each is implicated in a number of different processes. This review aims at illustrating the distribution and summarizing the main functions of the serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamin, 5-HT) receptors as well as the serotonin transporter (SERT, 5-HTT), the vesicular monoamine transporter 2, monoamine oxidase type A and 5-HT synthesis in the human brain. Recent advances in in vivo quantification of these different receptors and enzymes that are part of the serotonergic system using positron emission tomography are described.

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Section: Transportersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serotonin and molecular neuroimaging in humans using PET

2011

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“…Notably, genetic susceptibility effects are mediated by molecular and cellular mechanisms, which in turn modulate behavioral phenotypes by affecting the structural and functional properties of neural circuits (Atmaca et al, 2011;Hesse et al, 2011;MacMaster, 2010;Wu et al, 2012). Therefore, such translational studies that implement genetics and imaging techniques may reveal the etiology of OCD more precisely (MacMaster, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging genetics in obsessive-compulsive disorder: Linking genetic variations to alterations in neuroimaging

Grünblatt

Hauser

Walitza

2014

Progress in Neurobiology

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Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) occurs in ∼1-3% of the general population, and its often rather early onset causes major disabilities in the everyday lives of patients. Although the heritability of OCD is between 35 and 65%, many linkage, association, and genome-wide association studies have failed to identify single genes that exhibit high effect sizes. Several neuroimaging studies have revealed structural and functional alterations mainly in cortico-striato-thalamic loops. However, there is also marked heterogeneity across studies. These inconsistencies in genetic and neuroimaging studies may be due to the heterogeneous and complex phenotypes of OCD. Under the consideration that genetic variants may also influence neuroimaging in OCD, researchers have started to combine both domains in the field of imaging genetics. Here, we conducted a systematic search of PubMed and Google Scholar literature for articles that address genetic imaging in OCD and related disorders (published through March 2014). We selected 8 publications that describe the combination of imaging genetics with OCD, and extended it with 43 publications of comorbid psychiatric disorders. The most promising findings of this systematic review point to the involvement of variants in genes involved in the serotonergic (5-HTTLPR, HTR2A), dopaminergic (COMT, DAT), and glutamatergic (SLC1A1, SAPAP) systems. However, the field of imaging genetics must be further explored, best through investigations that combine multimodal imaging techniques with genetic profiling, particularly profiling techniques that employ polygenetic approaches, with much larger sample sizes than have been used up to now.

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“…Clinical and pharmacological studies found that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), which facilitate serotonin neurotransmission, are effective choices for medical treatments of OCD (Geller et al, 2003;Goddard et al, 2008). OCD patients also showed abnormally reduced serotonin transporter availability in limbic and paralimbic brain areas, especially in the late-onset OCD patients (Hasselbalch et al, 2007;Hesse et al, 2011). Not all studies, however, found this pattern of results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SLC6A4 is also the molecular target of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), the most clinically effective medications for OCD treatment (APA, 2007;Geller et al, 2003;Goddard et al, 2008). Brain imaging studies have also suggested that late-onset OCD, but not the earlyonset OCD, is associated with abnormally low serotonin transporter availability in the brain (Hasselbalch et al, 2007;Hesse et al, 2011). Therefore, the SLC6A4 gene is an ideal candidate gene for research on OCD/OCS.…”

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confidence: 99%