The serotonergic system and cognitive function

Štrac, Dubravka Švob; Pivac, Nela; Mück‐Šeler, Dorotea

doi:10.1515/tnsci-2016-0007

Cited by 178 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 189 publications

(198 reference statements)

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“…The 5-HT system in learning and memory mobilizes the majority of 5-HTR subtypes that play a role in behaviors that involve a high cognitive demand and in memory improvement [183]. The precise influence of 5-HTR subtypes deserves additional studies in view of their possible targeting in the clinic as cognitive enhancer [184]. It has been recently stressed out for 5-HT 4 R and 5-HT 6 R subtypes [137,185].…”

Section: Moodmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several 5-HT 6 R antagonists have been tested in recent clinical trials in Alzheimer patients although the results were mitigated [186]. Nonetheless, this field of research is complicated because, as mentioned above for other behavioral responses, 5-HTRs can act in the opposite manner, often in a different manner, in memory processes [183,184,187]. An additional complexity in learning and memory processes is that some learning responses such as the conditioned eyeblink response in rabbits or the auto-shaping learning task in rats are independent of the levels of 5-HT [188,189].…”

Section: Moodmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serotonin in Animal Cognition and Behavior

Bacqué-Cazenave

Bharatiya

Barrière

et al. 2020

IJMS

181

111

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Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is acknowledged as a major neuromodulator of nervous systems in both invertebrates and vertebrates. It has been proposed for several decades that it impacts animal cognition and behavior. In spite of a completely distinct organization of the 5-HT systems across the animal kingdom, several lines of evidence suggest that the influences of 5-HT on behavior and cognition are evolutionary conserved. In this review, we have selected some behaviors classically evoked when addressing the roles of 5-HT on nervous system functions.In particular, we focus on the motor activity, arousal, sleep and circadian rhythm, feeding, social interactions and aggressiveness, anxiety, mood, learning and memory, or impulsive/compulsive dimension and behavioral flexibility. The roles of 5-HT, illustrated in both invertebrates and vertebrates, show that it is more able to potentiate or mitigate the neuronal responses necessary for the fine-tuning of most behaviors, rather than to trigger or halt a specific behavior. 5-HT is, therefore, the prototypical neuromodulator fundamentally involved in the adaptation of all organisms across the animal kingdom.The organization of the 5-HT systems is completely different between species ranging from a limited number of cells in Aplysia or Drosophila (100 5-HT immunoreactive cells) to several thousand neurons in vertebrates. The variety and the heterogeneity of 5-HT neurons have been highlighted in vertebrates [7] as well as in invertebrates [8]. In general, the 5-HT systems in animals comprise 5-HT neurons, which share a particular shape made of thousands of varicosities, leading to the concept of volume transmission [9], and several 5-HT receptors (5-HTRs). In vertebrates, 5-HT neurons are localized in the midbrain raphe nuclei described as the B1-B9 cell groups [1,10]. The raphe pallidus, obscurus, and pontis form a caudal cluster (B1-B5), whereas the dorsal raphe and median raphe form a rostral cluster in the pons (B6-B9) [11]. The caudal raphe group projects to the spinal cord and the rostral group to the forebrain via an extensive and diffuse innervation. The dorsal raphe nucleus contains the highest number of 5-HT neurons and its anatomical sub-regions display some degrees of specific innervation of the forebrain [12][13][14]. The median and dorsal raphe nuclei receive excitatory and inhibitory inputs from most brain areas [15]. In crustaceans or insects, 5-HT neurons are widely present in each of the ventral cord ganglia, display large local ramifications that act in multiple neuropil areas, and some axonal branches form three pairs of rostrocaudal fibers [16][17][18][19]. Presumably, two of those fibers would project anteriorly and one posteriorly to the entire nervous system [20]. 5-HT neurons are often localized close to sensory integration input area in the brain of arthropods and some 5-HT cells in the abdominal ganglia of crayfish nerve cord are sensitive to the mechanical stimulation of abdominal segmental fringe hairs [21]. In cnidarians, 5-HT cells ...

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Section: Moodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Moodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serotonin in Animal Cognition and Behavior

Bacqué-Cazenave

Bharatiya

Barrière

et al. 2020

IJMS

181

111

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“…1 and Supplementary Appendix A-1. Briefly, the serotonergic network was created following Strac and colleagues, and Jacobs and Azmitia anatomical description [27,28]. The cholinergic network was created following Selden and colleagues anatomical description, including four divisions: the Ch 1-2-3 division, the Ch 4 medial division, the Ch 4 lateral perisylvian division, and the Ch 4 lateral capsula division [29].…”

Section: Network' Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impaired connectivity within neuromodulatory networks in multiple sclerosis and clinical implications

et al. 2020

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There is mounting evidence regarding the role of impairment in neuromodulatory networks for neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease. However, the role of neuromodulatory networks in multiple sclerosis (MS) has not been assessed. We applied resting-state functional connectivity and graph theory to investigate the changes in the functional connectivity within neuromodulatory networks including the serotonergic, noradrenergic, cholinergic, and dopaminergic systems in MS. Twenty-nine MS patients and twenty-four age- and gender-matched healthy controls performed clinical and cognitive assessments including the expanded disability status score, symbol digit modalities test, and Hamilton Depression rating scale. We demonstrated a diffuse reorganization of network topography (P < 0.01) in serotonergic, cholinergic, noradrenergic, and dopaminergic networks in patients with MS. Serotonergic, noradrenergic, and cholinergic network functional connectivity derangement was associated with disease duration, EDSS, and depressive symptoms (P < 0.01). Derangements in serotonergic, noradrenergic, cholinergic, and dopaminergic network impairment were associated with cognitive abilities (P < 0.01). Our results indicate that functional connectivity changes within neuromodulatory networks might be a useful tool in predicting disability burden over time, and could serve as a surrogate endpoint to assess efficacy for symptomatic treatments.

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“…In addition, these authors showed that the mRNAs encoding two transcription factors of the Tph2 gene (Sim1 and Pet1) were significantly upregulated by this knee-loading treatment as well [58]. Reduced serotonin or tph2 expression have been linked to depression, schizophrenia and Alzehimer´s dementia associated neurodegeneration [61][62][63], suggesting that restoration of serotonin levels through mild knee-loading may have therapeutic effects for these disorders.…”

Section: Neuroimmune Impact Of Mtmentioning

confidence: 95%

Unraveling molecular determinants of manual therapy: an approach to integrative therapeutics for the treatment of fibromyalgia and CFS/ME

Espejo¹,

García-Escudero²,

Oltra³

2018

Preprint

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Abstract:Application of protocols without parameter standardization and rigorous controls has led manual therapy (MT) and other physiotherapy approaches to controversial outcomes. Thus, there is an urgency to carefully define standard protocols that elevate physiotherapy treatments to rigorous scientific demands. One way this can be achieved is by studying gene expression and additional physiological changes that associate to particular, parameter-controlled, treatments in animal models and translating this knowledge to properly design objective, quantitatively-monitored clinical trials. Here, we propose a Molecular Physiotherapy Approach (MPTA), requiring multidisciplinary teams, to uncover the scientific reasons behind the numerous reports of MT that historically attribute benefits to these treatments. The review focuses in the identification of MT-induced physiological and molecular responses that could be used for the treatment of fibromyalgia (FM) and CFS/ME. The systemic effect associated to mechanical-load responses is considered of particular relevance as it suggests that defined, low-pain areas could be selected for treatments with overall benefits, an aspect that might result essential to treat FM. Additionally, MT can provide muscle conditioning to sedentary patients without demanding strenuous physical effort, detrimental for CFS/ME patients, placing MT as a real option for integrative medicine programs to treat FM and CFS/ME.

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The serotonergic system and cognitive function

Cited by 178 publications

References 189 publications

Serotonin in Animal Cognition and Behavior

Serotonin in Animal Cognition and Behavior

Impaired connectivity within neuromodulatory networks in multiple sclerosis and clinical implications

Unraveling molecular determinants of manual therapy: an approach to integrative therapeutics for the treatment of fibromyalgia and CFS/ME

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