The sequestration mechanism as a generalizable approach to improve the sensitivity of biosensors and bioassays

Abstract

Biosensors and bioassays, both of which employ proteins and nucleic acids to detect specific molecular targets, have seen significant applications in both biomedical research and clinical practice. This success is...

Intracellular activated logic nanomachines based on framework nucleic acids for low background detection of microRNAs in living cells

“…Molecular machines based on DNA logic circuits have shown great promise in biosensing, 1 molecular imaging, 2,3 drug delivery 4 and data storage. 5 However, there are still some challenges to be solved.…”

Constructing an Ultra-Rapid Nanoconfinement-Enhanced Fluorescence Clinical Detection Platform by Using Machine Learning and Tunable DNA Xerogel “Probe”

“…Consequently, the related affinity constant ( K D , K d = 1/ K D ) would be stronger. Hence, the binding time (∼5 min) between target protein and aptamer in the xerogels was much shorter than that (∼55 min) in bulk solution (Figure S15), which might be due to the increased local concentration of the target protein and the affinity between protein target and corresponding aptamer. , …”

“…Hence, the binding time (∼5 min) between target protein and aptamer in the xerogels was much shorter than that (∼55 min) in bulk solution (Figure S15), which might be due to the increased local concentration of the target protein and the affinity between protein target and corresponding aptamer. 7,29 Detection and Analysis of the Xerogel-Based and ML-Assisted Biosensing Platform. The nanoconfining process induced the incompact structure of the xerogels and release of the N-CQDs, which enabled the conversion of unprocessed urine to "activated" urine with fluorescence signals (Figure 3A).…”

Electrochemical Sandwich-Type Aptasensor Based on the Multifunctional Catechol-Loaded Au/MIL-53(Fe) for Detection of Cardiac Troponin I

“…The clinical diagnosis for AMI is conducted using electrocardiography (ECG), coronary angiography, and assessment of biomarker levels. In contrast to the low accuracy of ECG, with 57% of patients diagnosed correctly, and utilizing the contrast agent in coronary angiography, which made this method invasive and time-consuming, the cTnI blood biomarker has been established as an extremely specific and sensitive measurement for a precise assessment of the progression of AMI disease. − As a result, a sensitive and simple method for detecting cTnI is extremely valuable for AMI patients’ early detection and critical treatment. − Nowadays, the primary method for detecting cTnI is based on the antigen–antibody interaction as an immunosensor − or DNA binding as an aptasensor. − Despite their high sensitivity and selectivity, immunosensors have several limitations, including low stability at high temperatures, a long period of the immune reaction, high antibody production costs, and the difficulty of chemically modifying antibodies for biological detection. − Target-binding aptamers with resistance to harsh conditions, ease of chemical synthesis, and high specific affinity for fast-capturing cTnI have been developed as alternatives to antibodies. , By using the systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) technique, Ban and colleagues developed extremely sensitive and selective single-stranded DNA aptamers against cTnI . Studies revealed that compared to the anti-cTnI antibody, Tro4 and Tro6 aptamers exhibited superior binding abilities to cTnI, and their dissociation constants were lower than those of the anti-cTnI antibody .…”