The Separation of Mixtures of Ordinary and Heavy Water by Zone Refining

Smith, Hilton A.; Thomas, Carl O.

doi:10.1021/j150573a029

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Zone detection with electrochromatography is not significantly different from that in chromatography (S3, 121, 126, 411), but recovery of separated substances from gels (136,383,404) mon pH buffers. Designed for use with biochemical substances, a number of these buffers are salts of strong bases and weak acids or of strong acids and weak bases (136, 404, 424)• These buffers show rapid change of pH at the electrodes when employed as background electrolytic solutions.…”

Section: Sequencesmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…ZONE REFINING Zone Melting, Zone Freezing. The purification of substances by zone refining, which has been surveyed in recent books (324, 362), serves primarily for the removal of impurities, or for the separation of two substances (383), not for the resolution of several substances (266). Automatic multistage equipment has been constructed (363).…”

Section: Differential Sedimentation (Ultracentrifugation)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Automatic multistage equipment has been constructed (363). The process has been employed for the purification of lithium iodide (327) and silicon tetraiodide (23) and for the separation of H20 and D20 (383).…”

Section: Differential Sedimentation (Ultracentrifugation)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chromatography

Strain¹

1960

Anal. Chem.

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Section: Sequencesmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Differential Sedimentation (Ultracentrifugation)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chromatography

Strain¹

1960

Anal. Chem.

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“…It was first demonstrated on germanium crystals and can be used on metals, salts and organic or inorganic substances. It was demonstrated for the purification of water (Smith & Thomas, 1959) or ice (Oughton & Xu, 2001).…”

Section: Preconcentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Reconfigurable Microfluidic Platform in Ice

Varejka

Piletsky

Woodman

et al.

2006 Digest of the LEOS Summer Topical Meetings

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Microfluidic devices are popular tools in the biotechnology industry where they provide smaller reagent requirements, high speed of analysis and the possibility for automation. The aim of the project is to make a flexible biocompatible microfluidic platform adapted to different specific applications, mainly analytical and separations which parameters and configuration can be changed multiple times by changing corresponding computer programme. The current project has been supported by Vice Chancellor Trans-Campus Iinitiative. Channels and various design geometries can easily and rapidly be marked on ice with a CO 2 laser. Within seconds a microchannel pattern of features as small as 100 µm were obtained. The channels and design cavity dimensions are governed by the ratio of laser power by the beam velocity. The channels created in ice stay open for a duration which depend on their geometry and therefore on the ratio of the laser beam power by the beam velocity. Microchannels were created with a power/velocity ratio between 0.4 and 20 W/m. In this range of settings, the channels were 300 µm wide and stayed open for 2 s. After that they refreeze and the micropattern disappears in the ice bulk. Transport inside the channel can be obtained by the laser marking process alone. It is caused by the sheer surface tension within the melted area because of the temperature gradient within. The transport observed inside the channels was of the order of 1 mm/s in the laser experimental conditions (1.25 W and 100 mm/s). The temperature increase in the channel depends on the ratio of the laser power over velocity. High temperatures above 50°C can be achieved inside ice cavities. The. Table of Contents. ABSTRACT .

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Fractionation of Stable Isotopes and Impurities during Zone Recrystallization of Metals and Preparation of Single Crystals Rich in Individual Isotopes

Troitskii¹,

Spitsyn²,

Moiseenko³

et al. 1979

Phys. Stat. Sol. (a)

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It is shown that a small number of zone melting (recrystallization) passes results in a periodical distribution of individual isotopes along the material. The effect is observed with the Zn64 and Sn119 isotopes in zinc and tin, respectively. An increase of the number of passes to about ten leads to some preferential final isotope distribution. In the case of Sn119, the tail portion of the material becomes enriched (the portion to which the zone movement is directed), provided that the recrystallization rate is high enough (3 mm/min), or the head portion is enriched if the rate is slow (about 0.5 mm/min). In the presence of bismuth impurities, the isotope Sn119 is in all cases displaced towards the head portion of the material, which suggests a complex nature of the behaviour of individual isotopes during zone melting and an effect of impurities on this process. The Zn64 and Cd119 isotopes may be characterized, in accordance with their respective behavior in the course of zone melting, by some effective distribution coefficients which are less than unity (K < 1) in the former case, and greater than unity (K > 1) in the latter.

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The Separation of Mixtures of Ordinary and Heavy Water by Zone Refining

Abstract: The freezing point of pure heavy water (D20) is 3.8°h igher than that of ordinary water.2•3 This

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Chromatography

Chromatography

A Reconfigurable Microfluidic Platform in Ice

Fractionation of Stable Isotopes and Impurities during Zone Recrystallization of Metals and Preparation of Single Crystals Rich in Individual Isotopes

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