The sensitivity of normal brain and intracranially implanted VX2 tumour to interstitial photodynamic therapy

Photodynamic therapy of U87 human glioma in nude rat using liposome-delivered photofrin

“…However, for the Photofrin-dextrose delivery, the specific uptake ratio, given by tumor tissue concentration per normal brain tissue concentration, is comparable to the ratios in Muller and Lilge's work [6,14]. The specific uptake ratio for Photofrin-DPPC liposomes is significantly higher than that for Photofrin-dextrose delivery in our present study.…”

“…The uptake, given by tissue concentration (tumor, BAT, normal brain) per injected Photofrin dose, is lower in this rat model compared with the clinical studies of Muller and Wilson [6], as well as the preclinical rabbit studies by Lilge et al [14]. However, for the Photofrin-dextrose delivery, the specific uptake ratio, given by tumor tissue concentration per normal brain tissue concentration, is comparable to the ratios in Muller and Lilge's work [6,14].…”

“…Although experimental brain tumors respond to PDT with Photofrin and tumor destruction correlates with increasing light and photosensitizer doses, normal brain may be affected [14], limiting the efficacy of this treatment modality. It is important to enhance the selective sensitivity of brain tumor to PDT compared to PDT of normal brain.…”

Interstitial photodynamic therapy of nonresectable malignant glioma recurrences using 5‐aminolevulinic acid induced protoporphyrin IX

“…This treatment modality is referred to as interstitial photodynamic therapy (iPDT). Its feasibility and effectiveness has been investigated in brain tumor models [11,12] and in first clinical applications with Photofrin [13][14][15][16]. Unfortunately, prolonged skin sensitization and damage to normal brain tissue due to the limited selectivity of the applied PS (Photofrin or Photofrin II) have obstructed the broad application of this potentially minimal invasive treatment concept.…”

A Telemetric light delivery system for metronomic photodynamic therapy (mPDT) in rats

“…PDT is being investigated as a possible adjunctive approach to surgical resection [15,16]. High fluence rate PDT of the tumor resection cavity can lead to necrosis of the remaining tumor cells [17]. However, brain tissue is extremely sensitive to immune responses caused by tumor cell necrosis [14].…”