The sensitivity of flower bud thrips, Megalurothrips sjostedti Trybom (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), on cowpea to three concentrations and spraying schedules of Piper guineense Schum. &amp; Thonn. extracts

Oparaeke, A. M.

doi:10.17221/2757-pps

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Technology transfer approaches through participatory models may help farmers integrate new IPM management strategies including colored sticky traps for pest monitoring, use of entomopathogenic fungi (Ekesi et al, 1998), botanical pesticides (Oparaeke, 2006) and resistant varieties (Abudulai et al, 2006) that fits within their practice of intercropping. The role of natural enemies or companion crops needs to be researched in order to provide sustainable pest management strategies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of chemical control alone does not guarantee effective control for all pests (Jensen, 2000;Ofuya, 1997;Toda and Morishita, 2009). They can be detrimental to beneficial fauna and cause resistance development (Ekesi et al, 1998;Oparaeke, 2006). The ineffectiveness of chemical control reported by 25% of farmers justified combination of practices such as increasing chemical concentration and frequent spraying.…”

Section: Pest Management Methods Practiced By Legume Farmers In Eastementioning

confidence: 99%

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Farmers' knowledge and perception of grain legume pests and their management in the Eastern province of Kenya

et al. 2016

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Grain legumes play an important role in community livelihood and in the national economy in Kenya. Unfortunately, in many African countries, production doesn't satisfy the demand in grains due to various constrains. Understanding farmers practices and behavior in the management of grain legume pests is a crucial step in the development of sustainable management strategies. A total of 216 farmers were surveyed in eight districts of eastern Kenya to evaluate farmers' knowledge and perceptions of grain legume pests; to examine current pest management practices, and to identify other production constraints. Grain legumes are grown by a wide age-group of farmers, with both genders equally represented. Chemical control remains the main pest management strategy, and, to ensure pesticide effectiveness, farmers also use increased application rates, chemical alternation, frequent application and mixtures of chemicals. While farmers used other control measures, they showed only limited interest in biological control. The majority of the farmers had experience in grain legume farming and were able to identify the major pests, which were the legume flower thrips Megalurothrips sjostedti Trybom, the cowpea aphid Aphis craccivora Koch and the legume pod borer Maruca vitrata Fabricius. Our survey revealed that education and proximity to extension services contributed significantly to farmers' knowledge of grain legume pests, suggesting the need to provide continuous training and capacity building on integrated pest management in grain legume farming. The study also suggests integration of other pest management strategies such as the use of early maturing varieties, biopesticides and biofertilizer to reduce the use of chemical for sustainable pest management. (Résumé d'auteur

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pest Management Methods Practiced By Legume Farmers In Eastementioning

confidence: 99%

Farmers' knowledge and perception of grain legume pests and their management in the Eastern province of Kenya

et al. 2016

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“…The extract from P. nigrum was the most repellent of the 24 plant extracts tested. On a related field study Oparaeke [ 7 ] observed that the application of 10% and 20% extracts of West African black pepper, Piper guineense (Schumacher), caused a significant reduction of Megalurothrips on flowers as compared to synthetic insecticide treatment and increased pod yield on cowpea. GC-MS analysis revealed β-caryophyllene, caryophyllene oxide and α-copaene as the major compounds in P. nigrum as also observed by Delétré et al [ 36 ].…”

Section: Disscussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, the control of M. sjostedti in Sub-Saharan African countries relies heavily on synthetic insecticide application [ 6 ]. The indiscriminate use of these chemicals has given rise to problems such as resistance of the legume pests to insecticides [ 7 , 8 ], accumulation of toxic residues in food, health risks to the consumer and livestock and environmental contamination [ 7 , 9 , 10 ]. As a result, there is an urgent need to develop alternatives, which are safe, effective, biodegradable and highly selective.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repellency of Plant Extracts against the Legume Flower Thrips Megalurothrips sjostedti (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)

Abtew

Subramanian

Cheseto

et al. 2015

Insects

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Megalurothrips sjostedti Trybom is an important pest of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) in Africa. To propose an alternative to chemical control, the repellency of 24 plant extracts was evaluated against adult female thrips of M. sjostedti in the laboratory. Plant extracts in ethanol were separately applied on a filter paper disk in a still air visual cue olfactometer. The results showed highly significant differences in repellency among extract type, concentration and their interactions. We classified the level of repellency into four categories as strong, good, moderate and weak or non- repellent based on hierarchical ascendant classification. We identified Piper nigrum, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Cinnamomum cassia as strong repellents. Five extracts were classified as good, eight as moderate and the remaining eight extracts were weak or non-repellent. Repellency of the extracts increased with the concentration suggesting that the behavioral response of M. sjostedti was dose-dependent. Mono- and sesquiterpene hydrocarbon compounds from seven highly repellent extracts were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The use of repellent extracts could be useful in developing integrated pest management strategies for thrips on legume crops. In this regard, the specific modes of action of the identified compounds need to be investigated to incorporate them into the existing crop protection strategies.

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“…"heat" and aroma. P. guineense have been demonstrated to have 5 to 8% Piperine which gives them their "heat" (Oparaeke, 2006). It also contains about 31-monosesquiterpenoids that have high insecticidal properties due to their pungent nature (Taponjou et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Essential oil composition of different fractions of Piper guineense Schumach. et Thonn from Cameroon using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and their insecticidal effect on Sitophilus oryzae (L.)

Oben¹,

McConchie²,

Phan-Thien³

et al. 2015

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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Essential oil fractions from dried seed powder of Piper guineense were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and evaluated for their insecticidal effects on Sitophilus oryzae L. The GC-MS analysis showed quantitative and qualitative differences between the oil fractions. Chromatographic results revealed chemical constituents like eugenol, piperanol, pinene, carene, copaene with insecticidal properties. New chemotypes were seen in the different fractions. Instead of βcaryophyllene reported in literature, α-caryophyllene was found in all the different fractions. Caryophyllene oxide, an oxygen-containing sesquiterpene was present in all fractions except n-hexane. In addition to α-phellandrene present in all, β-phellandrene, a monoterpene hydrocarbon was found in the n-Hexane fraction. Contact toxicity on wheat grains showed that all fractions caused significant (P < 0.001) mortality of the weevils. The oil fractions also showed variable contact toxicity on impregnated filter paper. All doses of the n-hexane fraction were very toxic to the test insect than the control, causing 100% mortality after five days of exposure. All the fractions produced a strong repellent activity against the test insect. These results suggest that P. guineense has potentials for development as an organic insecticide against S. oryzae and other pests of stored grains.

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The sensitivity of flower bud thrips, Megalurothrips sjostedti Trybom (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), on cowpea to three concentrations and spraying schedules of Piper guineense Schum. & Thonn. extracts

Cited by 11 publications

References 16 publications

Farmers' knowledge and perception of grain legume pests and their management in the Eastern province of Kenya

Farmers' knowledge and perception of grain legume pests and their management in the Eastern province of Kenya

Repellency of Plant Extracts against the Legume Flower Thrips Megalurothrips sjostedti (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)

Essential oil composition of different fractions of Piper guineense Schumach. et Thonn from Cameroon using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and their insecticidal effect on Sitophilus oryzae (L.)

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