The sensitivity of biomarkers for genotoxicity and acute cytotoxicity in nasal and buccal cells of welders

Wultsch, Georg; Nersesyan, Armen; Kundi, Michael; Jakse, R; Beham, Alfred; Wagner, Karl‐Heinz; Knasmueller, Siegfried

doi:10.1016/j.ijheh.2013.09.005

Cited by 32 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 51 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Our findings are consistent with Wultsch et al, who did not report significant differences in the frequency of MNi, but found higher frequencies of BN and CC, and, unlike us, they also found significative differences in LN, KR and KL frequencies [ 16 ]. They also measured the blood levels of manganese, molybdenum and nickel, and found that these are associated with higher genetic instability.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Genotoxic Evaluation of Mexican Welders Occupationally Exposed to Welding-Fumes Using the Micronucleus Test on Exfoliated Oral Mucosa Cells: A Cross-Sectional, Case-Control Study

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundAn estimated 800,000 people worldwide are occupationally exposed to welding-fumes. Previous studies show that the exposure to such fumes is associated with damage to genetic material and increased cancer risk. In this study, we evaluate the genotoxic effect of welding-fumes using the Micronucleus Test on oral mucosa cells of Mexican welders.Material and MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional, matched case-control study of n = 66 (33 exposed welders, and 33 healthy controls). Buccal mucosa smears were collected and stained with acridine orange, observed under 100x optical amplification with a fluorescence lamp, and a single-blinded observer counted the number of micronuclei and other nuclear abnormalities per 2,000 observed cells. We compared the frequencies of micronuclei and other nuclear abnormalities, and fitted generalised linear models to investigate the interactions between nuclear abnormalities and the exposure to welding-fumes, while controlling for smoking and age.ResultsBinucleated cells and condensed-chromatin cells showed statistically significant differences between cases and controls. The frequency of micronuclei and the rest of nuclear abnormalities (lobed-nuclei, pyknosis, karyolysis, and karyorrhexis) did not differ significantly between the groups. After adjusting for smoking, the regression results showed that the occurrence of binucleated cells could be predicted by the exposure to welding-fumes plus the presence of tobacco consumption; for the condensed-chromatin cells, our model showed that the exposure to welding-fumes is the only reliable predictor.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that Mexican welders who are occupationally exposed to welding-fumes have increased counts of binucleated and condensed-chromatin cells. Nevertheless, the frequencies of micronuclei and the rest of nuclear abnormalities did not differ between cases and controls. Further studies should shed more light on this subject.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Mechanisms of LN cell development seem to involve alterations in the expression of nuclear laminae proteins [ 29 , 30 ]. PK is the hyper-condensation of the nuclei of a dying cell [ 24 ], and is an indicator of cell-death as well as CC, KL (ghost-like cell) and KR [ 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotoxic Evaluation of Mexican Welders Occupationally Exposed to Welding-Fumes Using the Micronucleus Test on Exfoliated Oral Mucosa Cells: A Cross-Sectional, Case-Control Study

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Wultsch et al showed increase of the micronucleus, nuclear buds, and binucleated cells in the nasal cells of welders, with respect to controls (respectively 97%, 63%, and 22%). Moreover, they observed associations between exposure to molybdenum and nuclear abnormalities in buccal cells and between exposure to Ni and nuclear buds both in nasal and buccal cells [66]. Welders exposed to MS-WFs and to SS-WFs experienced an increase in oxidative DNA damage, evaluated by plasma and urinary 8-OHdG.…”

Section: Human Studiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Welding Fumes, a Risk Factor for Lung Diseases

Riccelli

Goldoni

Poli

et al. 2020

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

(1) Background: Welding fumes (WFs) are composed of fine and ultrafine particles, which may reach the distal airways and represent a risk factor for respiratory diseases. (2) Methods: In vitro and in vivo studies to understand WFs pathogenesis were selected. Epidemiological studies, original articles, review, and meta-analysis to examine solely respiratory disease in welders were included. A systematic literature search, using PubMed, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Technical Information Center (NIOSHTIC), and Web of Science databases, was performed. (3) Results: Dose, time of exposure, and composition of WFs affect lung injury. Inflammation, lung defense suppression, oxidative stress, DNA damage, and genotoxic effects were observed after exposure both to mild and stainless steel WFs. (4) Conclusions: The detection of lung diseases associated with specific occupational exposure is crucial as complete avoidance or reduction of the exposure is difficult to achieve. Further studies in the area of particle research may aid the understanding of mechanisms involved in welding-related lung disease and to expand knowledge in welding-related cardiovascular diseases.

show abstract

“…Because E-cigs do not produce any combustion products or tar, the perception remains, both among the general public and many physicians, that E-cigs are indeed a safer alternative to conventional cigarettes. Analyses of E-cig vapor have identified many different chemicals that could be potentially toxic or carcinogenic, including particulates, formaldehyde, nitrosamines, metals, carbonyls, volatile organic compounds, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; although these compounds are generally reported to be lower than in cigarette smoke [ 4 – 9 ]. Additionally, the levels of several of these toxicants are increased after vaporization, due to heat and/or voltage generated by the battery [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to Electronic Cigarettes Impairs Pulmonary Anti-Bacterial and Anti-Viral Defenses in a Mouse Model

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Electronic cigarettes (E-cigs) have experienced sharp increases in popularity over the past five years due to many factors, including aggressive marketing, increased restrictions on conventional cigarettes, and a perception that E-cigs are healthy alternatives to cigarettes. Despite this perception, studies on health effects in humans are extremely limited and in vivo animal models have not been generated. Presently, we determined that E-cig vapor contains 7x1011 free radicals per puff. To determine whether E-cig exposure impacts pulmonary responses in mice, we developed an inhalation chamber for E-cig exposure. Mice that were exposed to E-cig vapor contained serum cotinine concentrations that are comparable to human E-cig users. E-cig exposure for 2 weeks produced a significant increase in oxidative stress and moderate macrophage-mediated inflammation. Since, COPD patients are susceptible to bacterial and viral infections, we tested effects of E-cigs on immune response. Mice that were exposed to E-cig vapor showed significantly impaired pulmonary bacterial clearance, compared to air-exposed mice, following an intranasal infection with Streptococcus pneumonia. This defective bacterial clearance was partially due to reduced phagocytosis by alveolar macrophages from E-cig exposed mice. In response to Influenza A virus infection, E-cig exposed mice displayed increased lung viral titers and enhanced virus-induced illness and mortality. In summary, this study reports a murine model of E-cig exposure and demonstrates that E-cig exposure elicits impaired pulmonary anti-microbial defenses. Hence, E-cig exposure as an alternative to cigarette smoking must be rigorously tested in users for their effects on immune response and susceptibility to bacterial and viral infections.

show abstract

The sensitivity of biomarkers for genotoxicity and acute cytotoxicity in nasal and buccal cells of welders

Cited by 32 publications

References 51 publications

Genotoxic Evaluation of Mexican Welders Occupationally Exposed to Welding-Fumes Using the Micronucleus Test on Exfoliated Oral Mucosa Cells: A Cross-Sectional, Case-Control Study

Genotoxic Evaluation of Mexican Welders Occupationally Exposed to Welding-Fumes Using the Micronucleus Test on Exfoliated Oral Mucosa Cells: A Cross-Sectional, Case-Control Study

Welding Fumes, a Risk Factor for Lung Diseases

Exposure to Electronic Cigarettes Impairs Pulmonary Anti-Bacterial and Anti-Viral Defenses in a Mouse Model

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About