The sense of relational entitlement among adolescents toward their parents (SREap) – Testing an adaptation of the SRE

Tolmacz, Rami; Efrati, Yaniv; Ben‐David, Boaz M.

doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2016.09.003

Cited by 14 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 61 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It seems intuitive that CSA survivors should be reluctant to express their needs and wishes in romantic relationships and to doubt their basic legitimacy, as reflected by their high levels of restricted SRE. Previous studies have shown a restricted sense of entitlement to be associated with high levels of distress and loneliness, negative mood, neuroticism, depression, and social anxiety, and with low levels of relationship satisfaction, life satisfaction (George-Levi, Vilchinsky, Tolmacz, & Liberman, 2014; Tolmacz & Mikulincer, 2011), self-efficacy, and low self-esteem (Tolmacz, Efrati, & Ben-David, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attachment, Sense of Entitlement in Romantic Relationships, and Sexual Revictimization Among Adult CSA Survivors

Brenner

Bachner‐Melman

Lev‐Ari

et al. 2019

J Interpers Violence

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Insecure attachment orientations are disproportionately frequent in child sexual abuse (CSA) survivors and have been found to mediate some of the effects of CSA on adult interpersonal and romantic difficulties, including sexual revictimization (SR). A sense of relational entitlement (SRE) has received growing attention in psychological discourse and research in recent years. It reflects both adaptive (assertive) and pathological (restricted or inflated) attitudes to the assertion of needs and rights and has not been studied in adult CSA survivors. The purpose of this study was to examine associations between CSA, attachment orientations, SR, and SRE. Sixty-seven Israeli women aged 25 ± 3.95 years (30 adult CSA survivors and 37 healthy female controls with no history of CSA) completed a demographic questionnaire and self-reported measures of adult attachment orientations, sense of entitlement in romantic relationships, and adult SR. CSA survivors reported greater attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance, more restricted SRE, and higher revictimization rates than control women. No difference was found between the groups in inflated SRE. In the CSA but not the control group, anxious and avoidant attachment orientations were significantly and negatively associated with assertive SRE. Insecure (anxious and avoidant) attachment fully mediated the association between CSA and restricted SRE. Our findings suggest that the interplay between insecure attachment and CSA is related to a sense of impaired assertive entitlement and elevated restricted entitlement in adult CSA survivors. This entitlement pattern can be destructive to survivors’ romantic relationships and should be addressed in therapy.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attachment, Sense of Entitlement in Romantic Relationships, and Sexual Revictimization Among Adult CSA Survivors

Brenner

Bachner‐Melman

Lev‐Ari

et al. 2019

J Interpers Violence

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…High scores indicate inflated and restricted sense of entitlement. Previous studies have indicated that these subscales are significantly correlated (r = .33; Tolmacz et al, 2016), so that it is possible (as with the ECR) for individuals to score high on both dimensions. High scores on one or both of these dimensions indicate an imbalanced sense of relational entitlement.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interparental conflict and relational attitudes within romantic relationships: The mediating role of attachment orientations

Tolmacz

Bachner‐Melman

Lev‐Ari

et al. 2022

Journal of Social and Personal Relationships

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Early experiences and childhood perceptions of interparental conflict (IPC) have consistently been shown to have detrimental consequences for future psychological adjustment, in particular for attachment and couple relationships during adolescence and adulthood. We hypothesized that 1. IPC would predict anxious and avoidant attachment styles, and three relational attitudes associated with couple relationships: sense of relational entitlement, pathological concern, and authenticity; and 2. Attachment style would mediate the associations between IPC and these three relational attitudes. Measures of perceived IPC, attachment orientations, relational entitlement, pathological concern, and authenticity in romantic relationships were completed online by 280 young adults aged 19–32. IPC was positively correlated with anxious and avoidant attachment styles, restricted and inflated sense of entitlement, and pathological concern and negatively with authenticity. A structural equations model showed that IPC predicted avoidant and anxious attachment styles, which positively predicted an inflated and restricted sense of relational entitlement and pathological concern and negatively predicted authenticity. Attachment styles fully mediated the relationships between IPC and the relational attitudes. IPC therefore seems to be related to imbalanced attitudes in romantic relationships, due in part to a propensity toward insecure attachment orientations. Children with insecure attachment who are exposed to significant levels of IPC may be at high risk for relationship problems later in life because of difficulties exposing their vulnerability, assessing need fulfillment realistically, and caring for themselves as well as others. They should therefore be helped to communicate their relational needs to significant others, in particular to their partners.

show abstract

“…Whereas both inflated and restricted sense of entitlement have been shown to be significantly associated with attachment dimensions, intercorrelations between these variables in previous research have been weak to moderate ( Tolmacz and Mikulincer, 2011 ; Tolmacz et al, 2016 ), so that attachment and entitlement dimensions are both connected and distinct. We therefore hypothesized not only that they would be significantly linked, but also that attachment would not fully explain the contribution of relationship indices (Roci, PCQ and AIRS) to inflated and restricted entitlement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…To assess sense of relational entitlement, the participants completed the 15-item SRE-R. Nine items were taken from the original SRE ( Tolmacz and Mikulincer, 2011 ) and the other six were adapted from the SRE-ap ( Tolmacz et al, 2016 ). The SRE-R has two subscales: 1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following their recommendation, 7 items of the inflated factor were not included in the two remaining factors that seem to tap different aspects of inflated forms of entitlement: (a) vigilance regarding negative aspects of partner and relationship, and (b) sensitivity to relational transgressions and frustrations. Another item “When my partner makes me angry, I sometimes regret the fact that I don’t have a different partner” was adapted from the inflated factor on the Sense of Relational Entitlement of Adolescents Toward their Parents (SRE-ap) ( Tolmacz et al, 2016 ). In addition, we added another three items tapping restricted sense of entitlement to the original restricted items: Item 8 –“Usually, when my partner compliments me, I believe I do not deserve the compliment”; Item 13-“Sometimes, I think my partner loves me more than I deserve.” And item 9- “I think my partner deserves someone more successful than me.” The restricted entitlement factor of the revised scale therefore includes seven items and the total SRE-R 15 items.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Refining the Assessment of Entitlement in Romantic Relationships: The Sense of Relational Entitlement Scale—Revised (SRE-R)

2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: A subjective sense of entitlement is strongly evoked in the context of romantic relationships. A pathological sense of entitlement results from believing a partner should fulfill all one’s needs and wishes (inflated) or that the expression of genuine needs is illegitimate (restricted). This study aimed to validate a revised, improved version of the Sense of Relational Entitlement scale entitled the Sense of Relational Entitlement scale—Revised (SRE-R). We hypothesized it would have good factor structure and convergent validity, and that attachment dimensions and relationship indices would predict both inflated and restricted subscales.Method: The SRE-R was completed by 854 Israeli adults (8.3% males) aged 31.94 ± 8.02. A subset (n = 629) also completed measures of attachment (ECR-S) and 447 completed measures of relational authenticity, pathological concern, and relational obsessions and compulsions.Results: CFA confirmed two factors, inflated and restricted sense of relational entitlement. Relational obsessive-compulsive symptoms and pathological concern predicted an inflated sense of entitlement, and attachment avoidance, pathological concern, and authenticity in relationships predicted a restricted sense of entitlement.Discussion: The SRE-R is a valid and useful tool to assess sense of entitlement in romantic relationships and should be examined in diverse samples and cultures.

show abstract

The sense of relational entitlement among adolescents toward their parents (SREap) – Testing an adaptation of the SRE

Cited by 14 publications

References 61 publications

Attachment, Sense of Entitlement in Romantic Relationships, and Sexual Revictimization Among Adult CSA Survivors

Attachment, Sense of Entitlement in Romantic Relationships, and Sexual Revictimization Among Adult CSA Survivors

Interparental conflict and relational attitudes within romantic relationships: The mediating role of attachment orientations

Refining the Assessment of Entitlement in Romantic Relationships: The Sense of Relational Entitlement Scale—Revised (SRE-R)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About