The Self-Heating and Thermal Ignition Propensity of Forest Floor Litter

Jones, J.C.; Ramahti, H; Fowler, D. K.; Vorasurayakarnt, J; Bridges, RG

doi:10.1177/073490419000800305

Cited by 19 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The method of examination of leaf thermal behaviour was as previously described [3] for other forest materials, therefore only a summary will be given. Cubic baskets, constructed of steel gauze, were used to contain the leaves for heating.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This requires a high exothermicity, and it was shown in the earlier work that litter samples [3], with exothermicities of around 17 MJ kg-1, fulfill the condition of negligible fuel consumption. The exothermicity of live leaves in this part of the program is estimated as approximately 11 MJ kg and it is shown in Appendix 1 that in basket heating experiments on these materials Dent for zeroth-and first-order reaction in fuel differs by less than 10%.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…where Dent = 2.57 for a cube* ro = half-side width (m) q = exothermicity (J kg-') (To)ent = minimum ambient temperature for ignition (K) A = pre-exponential factor (s-') E = overall activation energy (J mol-') k = thermal conductivity R = gas constant (8.314 J K-1 mol-1) <7 = density (kg rri 3) *Alternatively, 8~r,t = 3.663 with ro = 1.194 x half-width, as in Reference [3].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…INTRODUCTION PREVIOUS WORK BY the present group [1][2][3][4] has dealt with reactivities to oxygen of a variety of forest materials, chiefly litter (from the forest floor) rather than live vegetation (from the trees). The work has demonstrated significant variations in reactivity of apparently similar litter samples (as expressed by Arrhenius parameters) and has led to a quantitative rate expression.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The Unpiloted Ignition of Eucalyptus Leaves Treated as a Parallel Reaction System

Jones

Rahmati

Wake

1991

Journal of Fire Sciences

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Self-heating in the oxidation of several samples of Eucalyptus leaves is reported, and the results are fitted to a recent extension of traditional Frank-Kamenetskii treatment which takes into account parallel reactions of the two ignitable components: solid leaf material and oil. Kinetic parameters for the oxidation of each component—solid and oil—are estimated, and the consistency of the extended theory in predicting the behaviour of different sample sizes is demonstrated.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 97%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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The Unpiloted Ignition of Eucalyptus Leaves Treated as a Parallel Reaction System

Jones

Rahmati

Wake

1991

Journal of Fire Sciences

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“…Material values of 202°C for a 9-cm cube 27 and 176°C for an 8-cm cube 29 have been measured which are higher than the 137°C spontaneous ignition temperature of sawdust determined by Anthony and Greaney 24 for compacted cubes with 61-cm sides. The determination of the isothermal activation energies (E g ), which are responsible for the additional energies that must be transferred by an ignition source, beyond that to bring the combustible to temperature, typically involve a systematic series of experiments with ground and compacted specimens that are uniformly heated in an oven.…”

Section: Spontaneous Ignition By Spot Thermal Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

An assessment of hot metal fragments from heavy mechanical equipment as a potential ignition source for forest litter

Howitt

2015

Journal of Fire Sciences

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The presence of metal particles, produced by rock strikes with heavy mechanical equipment, has come to be considered as evidence of fire causation in the investigation of forest fires. I report here the results of a series of experiments where direct thermographic measurements were made of the temperatures of the fragments that are created by repeatedly driving a bulldozer over rocks under extreme conditions. It is apparent, from these experimental determinations, a theoretical evaluation of the process that gives rise to them and comparison with published data, including the ignition of cellulose fuel beds by steel particles, that the minimum requirements for the ignition of kindling are not being met and that such fragments are not in fact a viable source of ignition for forest litter.

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Self‐ignition of forest soil samples demonstrated through hot storage tests

Piechnik,

Hofmann,

Klippel

2024

Fire and Materials

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The increasing threat of forest fires on a global scale is not only a matter of concern due to the potential harm they may cause to both human and animal life but also due to their significant role in exacerbating climate change. In light of these circumstances, one might inquire as to whether forest soil can self‐ignite and, if so, under what conditions and at what temperatures this phenomenon may occur. This question is being addressed in the German pilot “Fire science of wildfires and safety measures” of the EU project TREEADS, and the first results are presented below. The importance of basic research into the self‐ignition of forest soil cannot be underestimated, as it provides crucial knowledge to prevent forest fires and protect human and animal health. Furthermore, mitigating the occurrence of forest fires can also play a role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, contributing to global efforts to combat climate change. The procedure of the hot storage test is an effective means of determining whether a material can self‐ignite. During the investigation of six soil samples, it was found that five of them were indeed capable of self‐ignition. In addition to determining whether the material ignites, the modified hot storage test also analyzed the resulting smoke gases and measured their concentration. The research question of whether regional forest soil is capable of self‐ignition can be answered with yes based on these initial tests. Further experiments are needed to determine if self‐ignition causes forest fires.

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The Self-Heating and Thermal Ignition Propensity of Forest Floor Litter

Cited by 19 publications

References 10 publications

The Unpiloted Ignition of Eucalyptus Leaves Treated as a Parallel Reaction System

The Unpiloted Ignition of Eucalyptus Leaves Treated as a Parallel Reaction System

An assessment of hot metal fragments from heavy mechanical equipment as a potential ignition source for forest litter

Self‐ignition of forest soil samples demonstrated through hot storage tests

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